毒理性
识别和使用：硫代乙醇酸铵是一种无色至粉红色的液体，具有难闻的臭鼬般气味。不同浓度的溶液用于烫发和脱毛。它可能被用作永久性染发剂中的稳定剂，以防止氧化。人类暴露和毒性：吸入这种化学物质的过敏反应是立即的，会导致呼吸困难 and 哮喘。通过对年轻女性美容师进行贴片测试，调查了职业性过敏性接触性皮炎，这些美容师手部患有过敏性皮炎，其发病时间是在从事职业后1个月至1年之间。产品和确定引起阳性反应的过敏原包括含有这种化学物质的染发剂原液。14名哮喘患者（13-60岁）吸入了不同浓度的硫代乙醇酸铵雾。暴露后，一些患者出现了以下体征和症状：哮喘性呼吸、无法控制的阵发性咳嗽、咽部刺激和鼻塞或流涕。8名对照患者（非哮喘和非特应性）对测试物质没有阳性反应。这种化学物质在单次应用（通过弹性贴片）给患者进行诱导和挑战后被归类为皮肤刺激物和致敏剂。当重复应用硫代乙醇酸铵给两组正常受试者时（不同的实验程序），观察到轻度至中度的皮肤刺激。在两组中的一组中，观察到一名受试者可能出现了过敏性皮炎。动物研究：评估了大鼠吸入含有水基硫代乙醇酸铵的液滴气溶胶的急性吸入。动物暴露于气溶胶1小时，然后观察14天。没有动物死亡。少数动物出现呼吸窘迫，且暴露后24小时内未观察到体征。在尸检时，观察到轻微的肺异常。在连续两天喂养这种化学物质的狗中没有观察到毒性迹象。呕吐增加。评估了含有硫代乙醇酸铵的永久烫发溶液的皮肤刺激潜力，对象为六只白兔。溶液被应用于躯干（剃毛和磨损的皮肤），并在24小时内用纱布贴片覆盖。在应用后24小时和72小时根据以下等级评分反应：0（无红斑）至4（严重红斑至轻微焦痂形成）；0（无水肿）至4（严重水肿）。刺激指数为0.1，非刺激物，观察到0.6的刺激指数。使用Salmonella typhimurium菌株TA 1535、TA 1537和TA 1538评估了这种化学物质的诱变性。这种化学物质没有诱变性。
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Ammonium thioglycolate is a colorless to pink liquid with a repulsive skunk like odor. Solutions of various strengths are used for hair waving and for hair removal. It may be used in permanent hair colors as a stabilizer against oxidation. HUMAN EXPOSURE AND TOXICITY: Allergic responses to inhalation of this chaemical are immediate, causing dyspnea and asthma. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis was investigated by patch testing young female beauticians having allergic dermatitis of the hands; the onset of which was recognized 1 month to 1 year after starting their occupation. Products and allergens giving definite positive reactions included hair dye primary solution containing this chemical. Fourteen asthmatic patients (13-60 years old) inhaled mists of different concentrations of ammonium thioglycolate. After exposure, some patients had the following signs and symptoms: asthmatic breathing, uncontrollable paroxysmal cough, pharyngeal irritation, and blocked nasal passages or drip. Eight control patients (nonasthmatic and nonatopic) did not have positive reactions to the test substance). This chemical was classified as a skin irritant and sensitizer after single applications (via elastopatches) were made to patients during induction and challenge. When repeated applications of ammonium thioglycolate were made to two groups of normal subjects (different experimental procedures), mild to moderate skin irritation was observed. In one of the two groups, probably allergic dermatitis was observed in one subject. ANIMAL STUDIES: The acute inhalation of a liquid droplet aerosol containing aqueous ammonium thioglycolate was evaluated inrats. Animals were exposed to the aerosol for 1 hr and then observed for 14 days. None of the animals died. Few animals experienced respiratory distress, and signs were not observed beyond 24 hr postexposure. At necropsy, minor pulmonary abnormalities were observed. No signs of toxicity in dogs that were fed tis chemical over a period of two days. Vomiting was increased. The skin irritation potential of a permanent waving solution containing ammonium thioglycolate was evaluated in six albino rabbits. The solution was applied to the trunk (shaved and abraded skin), and sites were covered with gauze patches for 24 hr. Reactions were scored at 24 and 72 hr postapplication according to the scales: 0 (no erythema) to 4 (severe erythema to slight eschar formation); 0 (no edema) to 4 (severe edema). The irritation index was 0.1, a nonirritant, an irritation index of 0.6 was observed. The mutagenicity of this chemical was evaluated using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, and TA 1538. This chemical was not mutagenic.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
