Process for the selective carbonylation of conjugated dienes and in particular 1,3-butadiene, in the presence of a hydroxyl group containing compound in the liquid phase and in the presence of a catalyst system to be prepared by combination of:
(a) palladium or a compound thereof,
(b) an organic phosphorus, antimony or arsenic derivative according to the general formula:
wherein R₁ represents an aryl group substituted with one or more electron-attracting groups and R₂ and R₃ each represent an optionally substituted aryl group wherein Q represents phosphorus, antimony or arsenic, preferably phosphorus,
(c) a substituted benzoic acid with a pKa 4, preferably provided with one or more electron-attracting substituents and/or forming part of a larger condensed aromatic ring system, such as 2,6-dichlorobenzoic acid or 9-anthracenecarboxylic acid, and catalyst systems referred to hereinabove.
在液相中含有羟基化合物和催化剂体系存在的情况下,对共轭二烯,特别是
1,3-丁二烯进行选择性羰基化的工艺,该催化剂体系由以下几种催化剂组合制备:
(a)
钯或其化合物、
(b) 符合通式的有机
磷、
锑或
砷衍
生物:
其中 R₁ 代表被一个或多个引电子基团取代的芳基,R₂ 和 R₃ 各自代表任选取代的芳基,其中 Q 代表
磷、
锑或
砷,优选
磷、
(c) pKa 为 4 的取代
苯甲酸,优选具有一个或多个引电子取代基和/或构成较大的缩 合芳香环系统的一部分,如
2,6-二氯苯甲酸或 9-
蒽羧酸,以及上文提及的催化剂系 统。