Modification and structure–activity relationship of a small molecule HIV-1 inhibitor targeting the viral envelope glycoprotein gp120
作者:Jingsong Wang、Nhut Le、Alonso Heredia、Haijing Song、Robert Redfield、Lai-Xi Wang
DOI:10.1039/b415159c
日期:——
This paper describes selected modification and structureâactivity relationship of the small molecule HIV-1 inhibitor, 4-benzoyl-1-[(4-methoxy-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)oxoacetyl]-2-(R)-methylpiperazine (BMS-378806). The results revealed: i) that both the presence and configuration (R vs. S) of the 3-methyl group on the piperazine moiety are important for the antiviral activity, with the 3-(R)-methyl derivatives showing the highest activity; ii) that the electronegativity of the C-4 substituent on the indole or azaindole ring seems to be important for the activity, with a small, electron-donating group such as a fluoro or a methoxy group showing enhanced activity, while a nitro group diminishes the activity; iii) that the N-1 position of the indole ring is not eligible for modification without losing activity; and iv) that bulky groups around the C-4 position of the indole or azaindole ring diminish the activity, probably due to steric hindrance in the binding. We found that a synthetic bivalent compound with two BMS-378806 moieties being tethered by a spacer demonstrated about 5-fold enhanced activity in an nM range against HIV-1 infection than the corresponding monomeric inhibitor. But the polyacrylamide-based polyvalent compounds did not show inhibitory activity at up to 200 nM.
本文描述了小分子HIV-1抑制剂4-benzoyl-1-[(4-methoxy-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)oxoacetyl]-2-(R)-methylpiperazine (BMS-378806) 的部分修饰和结构-活性关系。结果表明:i) 在哌嗪部分3-甲基的存在及其构型(R与S)对抗病毒活性非常重要,其中3-(R)-甲基衍生物显示出最高的活性;ii) 吲哚或氮吲哚环C-4位的取代基电负性似乎对活性很重要,小的电子供体基团(如氟或甲氧基)显示出增强的活性,而硝基基团则降低活性;iii) 吲哚环的N-1位不适合修饰,否则会失去活性;iv) 在吲哚或氮吲哚环的C-4位附近体积较大的基团会降低活性,这可能是由于结合时的空间位阻。我们发现,一种合成的双价化合物,其具有两个BMS-378806基团通过连接子连接,在对抗HIV-1感染时的活性比对应的单体抑制剂提高了约5倍,活性范围达到纳摩尔级。但基于聚丙烯酰胺的多价化合物在高达200 nM时并未显示抑制活性。