IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Bacillus subtilis is a rod-shaped, gram positive, aerobic, motile (peritrichous flagella) bacterium that is ubiquitous in nature. Bacillus subtilis is commonly found in various ecological niches including soil, water and air. The bacterium commonly produces proteases and other enzymes which is why strains of the bacterium are commonly used for industrial production of enzymes and other chemicals. The bacterium also can produce an endospore which allows the organism to endure extreme environmental conditions. It is used as a microbial pesticide. HUMAN STUDIES: The genus Bacillus is a large, diverse genus of bacteria that includes species such as thuringiensis, licheniformis, pumilis, cereus and anthracis. Two of these species, B. cereus and B. anthracis, are known to be pathogenic to humans and animals. Because of this, the ability to differentiate species is extremely important. Biochemical tests and other tools exist which allow for the proper identification of the organism in question, B. subtilis. The Bacillus subtilis species is known to produce the enzyme subtilisin which has been reported to produce allergenic or hypersensitivity reactions to individuals repeatedly exposed to the enzyme in industrial settings. ANIMAL STUDIES: A battery of tests determined that QST 713 Technical product is not pathogenic and has no significant toxicity. The acute oral toxicity/pathogenicity, acute pulmonary toxicity/pathogenicity, and acute intravenous toxicity/ pathogenicity studies demonstrated no significant toxicity and a lack of pathogenicity. As would be expected for any microbial pesticide, QST 713 did elicit a very mild delayed hypersensitivity response and is considered a potential dermal sensitizer.
Characteristics of Bacillus subtilis metabolites contained in supernatants of its broth cultures are described. Metabolites contained bacterium-produced biologically active components ensuring cells growth and propagation. These components had bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect on gram-positive and gram-negative pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microflora of gastrointestinal tract of human and animals. Enzymes produced by the bacterium (amylase, protease, cellulose-decomposing enzyme, lipase, pectinase) increased antagonistic properties of preparation and promote its probiotic effect.
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) elicits serious threats to public health due to its widespread occurrence, as well as its teratogenic, carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. This study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of AFB1 and assess the ameliorative efficacy of Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 on aflatoxicosis in Yellow River carp. A total of 750 juvenile Yellow River carp were allocated into five dietary treatments for 60 days. Diet C0 represented for the negative control, diet M0 containing about 50 ug AFB1/kg diet represented for the positive control, and diet M0.25, M0.5 and M1.0 was diet M0 supplemented with B. subtilis ANSB060 at a dose of 0.25x109, 0.5x109 and 1.0x109 CFU/kg diet, respectively. The results showed that supplementation of strain ANSB060 restored the reduced body weight and enhanced feed conversion ratio of carp induced by AFB1 towards normal. ANSB060 could also relieve the alterations in hepatic morphology, improve digestive enzyme activities of hepatopancreas and intestine, as well as decrease AFB1 residues in carp's hepatopancreas and gonad. It is concluded that ANSB060 has a protective effect in carp with aflatoxicosis, with a promising potential in feed industrial applications.
Inorganic trivalent arsenic is a major environmental pollutant and exposure to human results in many pathologies, including keratosis and carcinoma. Here, we analyzed the effects of B. subtilis spores on human normal keratinocytes in the presence of sodium arsenite oxidative stress. Pre-treatment of cells with spores before inducing oxidative stress was able to keep normal levels of intracellular ROS, GSH and lipid peroxidation, as well as to inhibit the activation of the MAPK cascade. Moreover, spores showed a positive effect on cell proliferation, probably due to their binding on the cell surface and the activation of intracellular catalases. We found that spores exert their protective effect by the nuclear translocation of Nrf-2, involved in the activation of stress response genes. This, in turn, resulted in a protective effect against sodium arsenite stress injury, as oxidative stress markers were reported to physiological levels when cells were stressed before incubating them with spores. Therefore, B. subtilis spores can be considered as a new agent to counteract oxidative stress on normal human keratinocytes.
Immediate first aid: Ensure that adequate decontamination has been carried out. If patient is not breathing, start artificial respiration, preferably with a demand valve resuscitator, bag-valve-mask device, or pocket mask, as trained. Perform CPR if necessary. Immediately flush contaminated eyes with gently flowing water. Do not induce vomiting. If vomiting occurs, lean patient forward or place on the left side (head-down position, if possible) to maintain an open airway and prevent aspiration. Keep patient quiet and maintain normal body temperature. Obtain medical attention. /Etiological Agents/
New and improved compounds for use in diagnostic imaging or therapy having the formula M-N—O—P-G, wherein M is an optical label or a metal chelator (in the form complexed with a metal radionuclide or not), N—O—P is the linker, and G is the GRP receptor targeting peptide. Methods for imaging a patient and/or providing radiotherapy or phototherapy to a patient using the compounds of the invention are also provided. Methods and kits for preparing a diagnostic imaging agent from the compound is further provided. Methods and kits for preparing a radiotherapeutic agent are further provided.
New and improved compounds for use in diagnostic imaging or therapy having the formula M-N—O—P-G, wherein M is a metal chelator having the structure:
wherein R
1
-R
5
and FG are as defined herein (in the form complexed with a metal radionuclide or not), N—O—P is the linker containing at least one non-alpha amino acid with a cyclic group, at least one substituted bile acid or at least one non-alpha amino acid, and G is the GRP receptor targeting peptide. In the preferred embodiment, M is an Aazta metal chelator or a derivative thereof.
Methods for imaging a patient and/or providing radiotherapy or phototherapy to a patient using the compounds of the invention are also provided. Methods and kits for preparing a diagnostic imaging agent from the compound is further provided. Methods and kits for preparing a radiotherapeutic agent are further provided. Novel methods of treating prostate tumors or of delaying the progression of prostate tumors are also provided, including, methods of treating bone or soft tissue metastases of prostate cancer, methods for treating hormone sensitive and hormone refractory prostate cancer, methods for delaying the progression of hormone sensitive prostate cancer, for facilitating combination therapy in patients with hormone sensitive prostate cancer and for decreasing aberrant vascular permeability in patients with hormone sensitive prostate cancer.
New and improved compounds for use in diagnostic imaging or therapy having the formula M—N—O—P—G, wherein M is an optical label or a metal chelator (in the form complexed with a metal radionuclide or not), N—O—P is the linker, and G is the GRP receptor targeting peptide. Methods for imaging a patient and/or providing radiotherapy or phototherapy to a patient using the compounds of the invention are also provided. Methods and kits for preparing a diagnostic imaging agent from the compound is further provided. Methods and kits for preparing a radiotherapeutic agent are further provided.
New therapeutic approaches for treating neuroinflammatory conditions
申请人：Pharnext
公开号：EP2236158A1
公开（公告）日：2010-10-06
The present invention discloses new compositions which can be used for the treatment of the neuroinflamation, in particular associated with neurodegenerative, autoimmune, infectious, toxic or traumatic disorders. More particularly, the invention relates to combined therapies for treating neuroinflammation by affecting extravasation cascade. The invention also discloses new methods for treating neuroinflammation pathological conditions in a subject.
