毒理性
识别和使用：敌草快是一种固体。它是一种植物生长调节剂和除草剂。它用于抑制种子头和结果，以及减缓生长以减少修剪和修剪。它还注册用于对低维护草坪、机场、公共和工业场所有生长控制。敌草快产品也可用于住宅草坪。人类研究：无可用的数据。动物研究：在大鼠和兔子上，急性口服毒性的关键影响（剂量为100毫克/千克/天及以上）是震颤、弓背姿势、流涎、体重减轻和体重增加。狗对敌草快的影响最敏感，这些影响在饮食中剂量低至15毫克/千克/天，持续一年时发生。此外，喂食敌草快一年的狗在150毫克/千克/天的剂量下表现出慢性皮层肾病变。在兔子上测试时，敌草快在极限剂量1000毫克/千克/天，持续21天的情况下，并未表现出皮肤毒性。影响仅限于在1000毫克/千克/天剂量下施用部位的轻微红斑。在喂食敌草快270毫克/千克/天及更高剂量的小鼠中，观察到两性的肝脏增生结节增加，然而在高达900毫克/千克/天的小鼠中并未出现致癌反应。喂食敌草快的大鼠在300毫克/千克/天以下剂量也未表现出任何致癌反应。在大鼠中，敌草快对发育的影响包括早期吸收和平均着床后损失的增加。这些影响在引起母体毒性的相同剂量下观察到，表明胎儿并未增加易感性。在大鼠的三代繁殖毒性研究中，后代毒性表现为两性体重减轻和所有世代的两个胎儿体重减轻。在兔子上它不是致畸的。对8株伤寒沙门氏菌和2株大肠杆菌进行了有代谢激活和无代谢激活的致突变性测试。敌草快在这些测试中并未表现出致突变性。生态毒性研究：敌草快对鸟类几乎无毒。敌草快对河口海洋鱼类几乎无毒，对河口海洋无脊椎动物略有毒性。它对蜜蜂在急性接触基础上几乎无毒。这种水溶性剂主要通过草叶被吸收。它通过抑制细胞伸长来抑制生长，并大大抑制种子头的形成。
IDENTIFICATION AND USE: Mefluidide is a solid. It is plant growth regulator and herbicide. It is used to suppress seed heads and fruiting, as well as retarding growth to reduce mowing and trimming. It is also registered for growth control of low maintenance turf on rights-of-ways, airports, public and industrial sites. Mefluidide products can also be used on residential lawns. HUMAN STUDIES: There are no data available. ANIMAL STUDIES: In rats and rabbits, critical effects of acute oral toxicity (doses of 100 mg/kg/day and above) were tremors, hunched posture, salivation, reduced body weight and body weight gain. Dogs are most sensitive to the effects of mefluidide, which occur at doses as low as 15 mg/kg/day in diets fed for one yr. In addition, dogs fed with mefluidide for one yr exhibited chronic cortical nephrosis at doses of 150 mg/kg/day. Mefluidide was not dermally toxic when tested on rabbits at limit doses of 1000 mg/kg/day for 21 days. Effects were limited to slight erythema at the application site at the 1000 mg/kg/day dose. Increased incidence of liver hyperplastic nodules in both sexes was observed in mice fed with mefluidide at doses of 270 mg/kg/day and higher, however there was no oncogenic response in mice at doses as high as 900 mg/kg/day. Rats fed with mefluidide at doses up to 300 mg/kg/day did not exhibit any carcinogenic response either. Developmental effects of mefluidide in rats included increased number of early resorptions and mean postimplantation loss. These effects were observed at the same dose that caused maternal toxicity indicating there was no increased susceptibility to fetuses. In the 3-generation reproduction toxicity study in rats, the offspring toxicity was characterized by decreased body weights in both sexes and both litters in all generations. It was not teratogenic in rabbits. Eight strains of Salmonella typhimurium and two strains of Escherichia coli were tested for mutagenicity with and without metabolic activation. Mefluidide was not mutagenic in those tests. ECOTOXICITY STUDIES: Mefluidide was practically non-toxic to birds on a acute oral basis. Mefluidide is practically non-toxic to estuarine marine fish and slightly toxic to estuarine marine invertebrates on an acute basis. It was practically non-toxic to honeybees on an acute contact basis. This water-soluble agent is absorbed by grass mainly through its leaves. It inhibits growth due to cell elongation and largely suppresses seed head formation.
来源:Hazardous Substances Data Bank (HSDB)
