Synthesis, Cytotoxic Evaluation, and Molecular Docking Studies of New Oxadiazole Analogues
作者:Mohamed Jawed Ahsan、Raghunath Prasad Yadav、Saroj Saini、Mohd. Zaheen Hassan、Mohammed Afroz Bakht、Surender Singh Jadav、Abdulmalik Bin Saleh Al-Tamimi、Mohammed H. Geesi、Md Yousuf Ansari、Habibullah Khalilullah、Yassine Riadi
DOI:10.2174/1570178614666170704103315
日期:2017.12.11
Background: Cancer is one of the major health diseases worldwide with an approximately
14 million new cases of cancer and 8.2 million cancer related death tolls were reported in 2012. The
major complications associated with chemotherapy are limited efficacy, selectivity, safety as well as
higher cost, emergence of drug resistant cancer, and genotoxicity. Today we need more effective and
safer cytotoxic agents to combat cancer.
Method: Two new series of N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-5-aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amine (4a–g) and N-[5-
aryl-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]methyl}-2,6-dimethylaniline (4h-n) were designed and synthesized based on
the structure of IMC-038525 (tubulin polymerization inhibitor) and NSC 777948 as cytotoxic agents.
The cytotoxicity of eight compounds was carried out as per National Cancer Institute (NCI US) protocol
on nearly 60 cancer cell lines, while the cytotoxicity of five compounds was carried out as per Sulforhodamine
B assay on two breast cancer cell lines. The molecular docking studies implying tubulin
inhibition were also carried out to observe the binding mode of new oxadiazoles.
Results: N-(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amine (4b) showed significant
cytotoxicity with comparatively higher sensitivity towards colon cancer (HT29), melanoma (LOX
IMVI), leukemia (RPMI-8226), and melanoma (M14), with percent growth inhibitions (% GIs) of
80.99, 75.05, 63.25, and 62.19 respectively. Compound 4b showed better cytotoxicity than the standard
drug imatinib. Further compound 4b showed maximum docking score and was found to have different
binding mode than the rest of the compounds at the colchicine binding site of tubulin enzyme with a
hydrogen bonding between NH with carbonyl oxygen of Thr353 (bond length = 3.05A). The hydrophilicity
of compound 4b was another parameter that might play a major role and made it most effective
when compared to the rest of the compounds.
Conclusion: The oxadiazoles reported herein are cytotoxic agents. These findings may be helpful in
future drug design of more potent cytotoxic agents.
背景:癌症是全球主要的健康疾病之一,2012年约有1400万新增癌症病例和820万癌症相关死亡报告。化疗相关的主要并发症包括有限的功效、选择性、安全性以及高成本、药物抗性癌症的出现和基因毒性。如今,我们需要更有效和更安全的细胞毒性剂来对抗癌症。
方法:基于IMC-038525(微管蛋白聚合抑制剂)和NSC 777948作为细胞毒性剂的结构,设计并合成了两个新的系列N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-5-芳基-1,3,4-恶二唑-2-胺(4a–g)和N-[5-芳基-1,3,4-恶二唑-2-基]甲基}-2,6-二甲基苯胺(4h-n)。按照美国国家癌症研究所(NCI US)的协议,对近60种癌细胞系进行了八种化合物的细胞毒性测试,而按照硫代罗丹明B法,对两种乳腺癌细胞系进行了五种化合物的细胞毒性测试。还进行了分子对接研究,以观察新恶二唑的结合模式,暗示微管蛋白抑制。
结果:N-(2,6-二甲基苯基)-5-(4-氯苯基)-1,3,4-恶二唑-2-胺(4b)显示出显著的细胞毒性,对结肠癌(HT29)、黑色素瘤(LOX IMVI)、白血病(RPMI-8226)和黑色素瘤(M14)的敏感性相对较高,抑制率(% GIs)分别为80.99、75.05、63.25和62.19。化合物4b的细胞毒性优于标准药物伊马替尼。进一步的化合物4b显示出最高的对接得分,并且在微管蛋白酶的秋水仙碱结合位点与NH与Thr353的羰基氧之间形成氢键(键长=3.05A),与其他化合物相比具有不同的结合模式。化合物4b的亲水性是另一个可能起主要作用的参数,使其在与其他化合物比较时最为有效。
结论:本文报道的恶二唑是细胞毒性剂。这些发现可能有助于未来设计更有效的细胞毒性药物。