氯化铒(III) | 10138-41-7

• 物质功能分类: 无机化工 - 无机盐 - 金属卤化物及卤酸盐
• 分子结构分类: 无机化合物 - 混合金属/非金属化合物 - 镧系盐
• 中文名称: 氯化铒(III)
• 中文别名: 氯化铒；三氯化铒
• 英文名称: erbium(III) chloride
• 英文别名: ErCl3；erbium chloride；erbium trichloride；Er trichloride；Erbium(III) chlorid；erbium(3+);trichloride
• CAS: 10138-41-7
• 化学式: Cl₃Er
• 分子量: 273.619
• InChiKey: HDGGAKOVUDZYES-UHFFFAOYSA-K

物化性质

• 熔点：
  774 °C(lit.)
• 沸点：
  1500 °C
• 密度：
  4.1 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
• 闪点：
  1500°C
• 溶解度：
  溶于H2O
• 稳定性/保质期：
  在室温下可以长期保存。

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  2.07
• 重原子数：
  4
• 可旋转键数：
  0
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.0
• 拓扑面积：
  0
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  0

ADMET

毒理性

• 副作用

纤维原性 - 引发组织损伤和纤维化（疤痕形成）。

Fibrogenic - Inducing tissue injury and fibrosis (scarring).

来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases

安全信息

• TSCA：
  Yes
• 危险品标志：
  Xi
• 安全说明：
  S26,S37/39
• 危险类别码：
  R36/37/38
• WGK Germany：
  2
• 海关编码：
  28469029
• RTECS号：
  KD8575000
• 危险标志：
  GHS07
• 危险性描述：
  H315,H319,H335
• 危险性防范说明：
  P261,P305 + P351 + P338
• 储存条件：
  室温且干燥

SDS

Name:	Erbium(III) Chloride 99.9% Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:	Erbium Trichloride
CAS:	10138-41-7

Section 1 - Chemical Product MSDS Name:Erbium(III) Chloride 99.9% Material Safety Data Sheet
Synonym:Erbium Trichloride

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Section 2 - COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS

CAS#	Chemical Name	content	EINECS#
10138-41-7	Erbium(III) Chloride	99.9%	233-385-0

Hazard Symbols: None Listed.
Risk Phrases: None Listed.

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Section 3 - HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
EMERGENCY OVERVIEW
Hygroscopic (absorbs moisture from the air).The toxicological properties of this material have not been fully investigated.
Potential Health Effects
Eye:
May cause eye irritation.
Skin:
May cause skin irritation.
Ingestion:
May cause irritation of the digestive tract. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.
Inhalation:
May cause respiratory tract irritation. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.
Chronic:
No information found.

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Section 4 - FIRST AID MEASURES
Eyes: Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid.
Skin:
Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.
Ingestion:
Get medical aid. Do NOT induce vomiting. If conscious and alert, rinse mouth and drink 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Wash mouth out with water.
Inhalation:
Remove from exposure and move to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid.
Notes to Physician:

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Section 5 - FIRE FIGHTING MEASURES
General Information:
As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion.
Extinguishing Media:
Use foam, dry chemical, or carbon dioxide. Use agent most appropriate to extinguish fire.

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Section 6 - ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
General Information: Use proper personal protective equipment as indicated in Section 8.
Spills/Leaks:
Vacuum or sweep up material and place into a suitable disposal container. Clean up spills immediately, observing precautions in the Protective Equipment section. Avoid generating dusty conditions.
Provide ventilation.

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Section 7 - HANDLING and STORAGE
Handling:
Wash thoroughly after handling. Use with adequate ventilation.
Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid ingestion and inhalation.
Storage:
Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.

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Section 8 - EXPOSURE CONTROLS, PERSONAL PROTECTION
Engineering Controls:
Facilities storing or utilizing this material should be equipped with an eyewash facility and a safety shower. Use adequate ventilation to keep airborne concentrations low.
Exposure Limits CAS# 10138-41-7: Personal Protective Equipment Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166.
Skin:
Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure.
Clothing:
Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators:
A respiratory protection program that meets OSHA's 29 CFR 1910.134 and ANSI Z88.2 requirements or European Standard EN 149 must be followed whenever workplace conditions warrant respirator use.

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Section 9 - PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Physical State: Powder
Color: pink
Odor: Not available.
pH: Not available.
Vapor Pressure: Not available.
Viscosity: Not available.
Boiling Point: 1500 deg C
Freezing/Melting Point: 774 deg C
Autoignition Temperature: Not applicable.
Flash Point: Not applicable.
Explosion Limits, lower: Not available.
Explosion Limits, upper: Not available.
Decomposition Temperature:
Solubility in water: soluble
Specific Gravity/Density: 4.100
Molecular Formula: ErCl3
Molecular Weight: 273.61

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Section 10 - STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Chemical Stability:
Stable at room temperature in closed containers under normal storage and handling conditions.
Conditions to Avoid:
Incompatible materials, dust generation, excess heat.
Incompatibilities with Other Materials:
Oxidizing agents.
Hazardous Decomposition Products:
Irritating and toxic fumes and gases, oxides of chlorine.
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur.

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Section 11 - TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
RTECS#:
CAS# 10138-41-7: KD8575000 LD50/LC50:
CAS# 10138-41-7: Oral, mouse: LD50 = 4417 mg/kg.
Carcinogenicity:
Erbium(III) Chloride - Not listed by ACGIH, IARC, or NTP.
Other:
See actual entry in RTECS for complete information.

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Section 12 - ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION

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Section 13 - DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
Dispose of in a manner consistent with federal, state, and local regulations.

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Section 14 - TRANSPORT INFORMATION

IATA
Not regulated as a hazardous material.
IMO
Not regulated as a hazardous material.
RID/ADR
Not regulated as a hazardous material.

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Section 15 - REGULATORY INFORMATION

European/International Regulations
European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives
Hazard Symbols: Not available.
Risk Phrases:
Safety Phrases:
S 24/25 Avoid contact with skin and eyes.
S 28A After contact with skin, wash immediately with
plenty of water.
S 37 Wear suitable gloves.
S 45 In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek
medical advice immediately (show the label where
possible).
WGK (Water Danger/Protection)
CAS# 10138-41-7: No information available.
Canada
CAS# 10138-41-7 is listed on Canada's DSL List.
CAS# 10138-41-7 is not listed on Canada's Ingredient Disclosure List.
US FEDERAL
TSCA
CAS# 10138-41-7 is listed on the TSCA inventory.

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SECTION 16 - ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
N/A

制备方法与用途

制备方法

由氧化铒溶于盐酸，将其水溶液在水浴上蒸发、浓缩、冷却、结晶而得。

用途简介

三氯化铒是镧系元素卤化物的重要成员，在有机合成中最成熟的应用是作为一个温和的Lewis 酸催化剂。在甲醇溶液中，它可以高效地催化醛的缩醛化反应。如果使用原甲酸三甲酯作为除水试剂的话，该反应可以直接用ErCl3·6H2O进行。该反应在室温下进行时，脂肪族醛只需数分钟就可定量地完成反应；芳香肪族醛则在反应时间和产率上表现出稍稍偏低的活性（式1）。与醛完全相同的反应条件下，脂肪族酮可以定量地完成反应，而芳香肪族酮则几乎不反应。在明显的位阻情况下，两种不同酮可以选择性缩酮化（式2）。

正是由于醛-酮结构差异和酮-酮结构差异对该反应表现出显著的选择性，所以三氯化铒可以实现含有醛-酮结构和酮-酮结构底物分子的选择性还原。与其它镧系元素卤化物比较，三氯化铒在该转化中具有最好选择性。在三氯化铒存在下，NaBH4可以选择性地还原醛-酮结构分子中的酮羰基成为醇，而醛羰基保持不变（式3）。酮-酮结构分子有时也表现出更好的选择性（式4）。

最近一篇论文报道显示，三氯化铒在催化醛腙与TMSCN的手性氰基化反应中表现出比同族其它氯化物更高的化学产率和光学产率。5% 摩尔用量的三氯化铒便可满足该反应需求（式5）。

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  氯化铒(III) 以 neat (no solvent) 为溶剂， 生成 氢化铒
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Klemm, W.; Bommer, H., Zeitschrift fur Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie

  摘要：

  DOI：
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  erbium(III) chloride hexahydrate 以 neat (no solvent) 为溶剂， 生成 氯化铒(III)
  参考文献：
  名称：

  水合物的溶液焓 LnCl3·xH2O (Ln=Ce-Lu)

  摘要：

  摘要 镧系元素的三氯化物Ln=Ce-Lu 形式： (a) 同型六水合物LnCl 3 ·6H 2 O，Ln 3+ 离子的配位数为(CN) 8 。(b)三水合物LnCl 3 ·3H 2 O的两个同型组，在第一组Ln=Ce-Dy中CN为8；第二组 Ln=Er-Lu 的结构未知。Ho 不存在三水合物；形成二水合物。(c) 具有未知结构的两个同型一水合物LnCl 3 ·H 2 O – Ln=Ce-Dy 和Ln=Ho-Lu。对于所有化合物和无水氯化物，LnCl 3 溶液的焓是用等周热量计测量的。Δ sol H 0 值不仅取决于差异（晶格焓/水合焓），还取决于溶液中的状态。根据Spedding Ln 3+ 离子对水的CN在Nd和Sm之间从9变为8，导致一系列溶液焓的最小值。发现二水合物 LnCl 3 ·2H 2 O 对于 Ln=Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm 和推测对于 Eu 和 Gd。他们还没有被很好地表征。

  DOI：

  10.1016/s0040-6031(98)00389-x

文献信息

• Comparison of thermal properties of lanthanide trimellitates prepared by different methods
  作者：Renata Łyszczek

  DOI：10.1007/s10973-008-9203-z

  日期：2008.9

  By diffusion in gel medium new complexes of formulae: Nd(btc)⋅6H2O, Gd(btc)⋅4.5H2O and Er(btc)·5H2O (where btc=(C6H3(COO)3 3−) were obtained. Isomorphous compounds were crystallized in the form of globules. During heating in air atmosphere they lose stepwise water molecules and then anhydrous complexes decompose to oxides. Hydrothermally synthesized polycrystalline lanthanide trimellitates form two groups of isomorphous compounds. The light lanthanides form very stable compounds of the formula Ln(btc)⋅nH2O (where Ln=Ce−Gd and n=0 for Ce; n=1 for Gd; n=1.5 for La, Pr, Nd; n=2 for Eu, Sm). They dehydrate above 250°C and then immediately decomposition process occurs. Heavy lanthanides form complexes of formula Ln(btc)⋅nH2O (Ln=Dy−Lu). For mostly complexes, dehydration occurs in one step forming stable in wide range temperature compounds. As the final products of thermal decomposition lanthanide oxides are formed.

  在凝胶介质中扩散得到了新的配合物：Nd(btc)·6H2O、Gd(btc)·4.5H2O和Er(btc)·5H2O（其中btc=(C6H3(COO)3 3−）。这些同构化合物以小球形式结晶。在空气气氛中加热时，它们逐步失去水分子，然后无水配合物分解为氧化物。水热合成的多晶态镧系元素苯三羧酸盐形成了两组同构化合物。轻镧系元素形成非常稳定的化合物，其化学式为Ln(btc)·nH2O（其中Ln=Ce−Gd，n=0表示Ce；n=1表示Gd；n=1.5表示La, Pr, Nd；n=2表示Eu, Sm）。它们在250°C以上脱水，随后立即发生分解过程。重镧系元素形成的配合物化学式为Ln(btc)·nH2O（Ln=Dy−Lu）。大多数配合物在一阶段脱水，形成了在宽温范围内稳定的化合物。热分解的最终产物是镧系氧化物。
• Lanthanide Carbonates
  作者：Rafał Janicki、Przemysław Starynowicz、Anna Mondry

  DOI：10.1002/ejic.201100184

  日期：2011.8

  The crystal and molecular structures of the rare earth carbonates with the general formulae [C(NH2)]3[Ln(CO3)4(H2O)]·2H2O (where Ln = Pr3+, Nd3+, Sm3+, Eu3+, Gd3+, Tb3+) and [C(NH2)]3[Ln(CO3)4]·2H2O (where Ln = Y3+, Dy3+, Ho3+, Er3+, Tm3+, Yb3+, Lu3+) were determined. The crystals consist of monomeric [Ln(CO3)4(H2O)]5– or [Ln(CO3)4]5– complex anions in which the carbonate ligands coordinate to the

  通式为[C（NH 2）] 3 [Ln（CO 3）4（H 2 O）] · 2H 2 O的稀土碳酸盐的晶体和分子结构（其中Ln = Pr 3+，Nd 3+，Sm 3+，Eu 3+，Gd 3+，Tb 3+）和[C（NH 2）] 3 [Ln（CO 3）4 ] · 2H 2 O（其中Ln = Y 3+，Dy 3+， Ho 3+，Er 3+，Tm测定了3+，Yb 3+，Lu 3+。晶体由单体[Ln（CO 3）4（H 2 O）] 5–或[Ln（CO 3）4 ] 5–络合阴离子组成，其中碳酸盐配体以双齿方式与Ln 3+离子配位。确定了结晶镧系碳酸盐及其水溶液的光谱学性质（UV / Vis / NIR和IR）。光谱数据与结构数据之间的相关性使我们能够得出结论：[Ln（CO 3）4（OH）] 6–和[Ln（CO 3）4 ] 5–种在轻和重镧系元素溶液中分别占主导地位。还讨论了Ln–O相互作用的性质。实验数据以及理论计算表明，Ln–O（CO
• Synthesis, characterization and thermal behaviour of solid-state tartrates of heavy trivalent lanthanides and yttrium(III)
  作者：B. Ambrozini、P. R. Dametto、M. Ionashiro

  DOI：10.1007/s10973-011-1370-7

  日期：2011.9

  Solid state Ln2-L3 compounds, where Ln stands for heavy trivalent lanthanides (terbium to lutetium) and yttrium, and L is tartrate [(C4H4O6)−2] have been synthesized. Simultaneous thermogravimetry and differential thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffractometry, infrared spectroscopy, elemental analysis and complexometry were used to characterize and to study the thermal behaviour of these compounds. The results provided information concerning the stoichiometry, crystallinity, ligand’s denticity, thermal stability and thermal behaviour of these compounds.

  固态Ln2-L3化合物（其中Ln代表重三价镧系元素，从铽到镥及钇，L为酒石酸根[(C4H4O6)−2]）已被合成。同时使用热重分析和差热分析、差示扫描量热法、X射线粉末衍射、红外光谱、元素分析及络合滴定等多种手段对这些化合物的性质和热行为进行了表征和研究。研究结果提供了有关这些化合物的化学计量比、结晶性、配体配位数、热稳定性和热行为的信息。
• Lanthanide <i>N</i>,<i>N</i>-Dimethylaminodiboranates: Highly Volatile Precursors for the Deposition of Lanthanide-Containing Thin Films
  作者：Scott R. Daly、Do Young Kim、Yu Yang、John R. Abelson、Gregory S. Girolami

  DOI：10.1021/ja9098005

  日期：2010.2.24

  CVD precursors of stoichiometry Ln(H(3)BNMe(2)BH(3))(3) have been prepared, where Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, and Lu. The ligand is N,N-dimethylaminodiboranate, a new kind of multidentate borohydride. The structures of the Ln(H(3)BNMe(2)BH(3))(3) complexes are highly dependent on the size of the lanthanide ions: the coordination number decreases from Pr (CN = 14) to Sm (CN = 13)

  已制备出化学计量比为 Ln(H(3)BNMe(2)BH(3))(3) 的新型镧系元素 CVD 前体，其中 Ln = La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er 、Tm 和卢。配体为N,N-二甲氨基二硼酸盐，一种新型的多齿硼氢化物。Ln(H(3)BNMe(2)BH(3))(3) 配合物的结构高度依赖于镧系离子的大小：配位数从 Pr (CN = 14) 减少到 Sm (CN = 13) 到 Er (CN = 12) 对应于离子半径的减小。Ln(H(3)BNMe(2)BH(3))(3) 配合物在真空中的温度低至 65 摄氏度时具有高度的挥发性和升华性。这些配合物是有用的 CVD 前体；例如，Y(H(3)BNMe(2)BH(3))(3) 已被用于在 300 摄氏度下通过 CVD 使用水作为共反应物在硅上沉积 Y(2)O(3)。
• Volatile complexes of some lanthanides and related elements with fluorinated β-diketones and organophosphorus adducts
  作者：James W. Mitchell、Charles V. Banks

  DOI：10.1016/s0003-2670(01)95130-x

  日期：1971.12

  Abstract The behavior of lanthanide trifluoroacetylacetonates and hexaf luoroacetyl-acetonates of mixed complexes with tri- n -butylphosphate as the adduct has been studied by thermogravimetric methods. Thermal properties of mixed ligand-adduct complexes containing new fluoroorganophosphorus donors have also been examined. Substantial improvements in volatility and thermal stability of chelates of

  摘要 通过热重法研究了以磷酸三正丁酯为加合物的混合配合物的镧系元素三氟乙酰丙酮化物和六氟乙酰丙酮化物的行为。还研究了含有新氟有机磷供体的混合配体-加合物复合物的热性能。通过用有机磷供体取代水合水，镧系元素与 HTFA 或 HHFA 的螯合物的挥发性和热稳定性得到显着改善。还测定了铀 (IV)、铀 (VI) 和钍 (IV) 螯合物的热稳定性和挥发性。