A general and environmentally improved protocol for the cyanation of aryl halides with the nontoxic cyanidesourcepotassiumhexacyanoferrate(II) (K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ]) using copper catalysis and a ligand system based on l-alkyl-1H -imidazoles is presented. The advantages of this system are a wide substrate range, high selectivity, easy handling, and inexpensive reagents.
使用铜催化和基于 l-烷基-1H-咪唑的配体系统,用无毒氰化物源六氰基铁酸钾 (II) (K 4 [Fe(CN) 6 ]) 氰化芳基卤化物的通用和环境改进方案是呈现。该系统的优点是底物范围广、选择性高、易于处理和试剂便宜。
A State-of-the-Art Cyanation of Aryl Bromides: A Novel and Versatile Copper Catalyst System Inspired by Nature
A general protocol for the cyanation of aryl halides with the nontoxic cyanide source K4[Fe(CN)6] using copper catalysis and a ligand system based on 1-alkylimidazoles is presented. The advantages of this system are the high selectivity, a unique substrate range, easy handling, and inexpensive reagents.
Transnitrilation from Dimethylmalononitrile to Aryl Grignard and Lithium Reagents: A Practical Method for Aryl Nitrile Synthesis
作者:Jonathan T. Reeves、Christian A. Malapit、Frederic G. Buono、Kanwar P. Sidhu、Maurice A. Marsini、C. Avery Sader、Keith R. Fandrick、Carl A. Busacca、Chris H. Senanayake
DOI:10.1021/jacs.5b06136
日期:2015.7.29
An electrophilic cyanation of aryl Grignard or lithium reagents, generated in situ from the corresponding aryl bromides or iodides, by a transnitrilation with dimethylmalononitrile (DMMN) was developed. DMMN is a commercially available, bench-stable solid. The transnitrilation with DMMN avoids the use of toxic reagents and transition metals and occurs under mild reaction conditions, even for extremely