Urinary Excretion of Codeine and Morphine following the Administration of Codeine-Containing Cold Syrup
作者:B.-L. Chang、M.-K. Huang
DOI:10.1093/jat/24.2.133
日期:2000.3.1
The concentrations of codeine ([C]) and morphine ([M]) excreted in urine obtained from nine subjects at various time intervals after the ingestion of 10–40 mg of both simple and compound codeine doses three times per day for three days were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Four distinct [C]/[M] distribution patterns (phases) were observed: a, [C] > [M] from ingestion of first dose to 78–108 h after ingestion of the first dose (18–48 h after the ingestion of the last dose); b, [C] ≈ [M] 78–90 h after ingestion of the first dose (18–30 h after ingestion of the last dose); c, [C] < [M] 78–102 h after ingestion of first dose (18–42 h after ingestion of the last dose); and d, [C] < 0.05 µg/mL and [M] > 0.05 µg/mL 84–96 h after ingestion of the first dose (24–36 h after ingestion of the last dose with [M] ranging from 0.10 to 0.30 µg/mL) toward the terminal phase. No single individual exhibited all four [C]/[M] distribution characteristics during the entire excretion period and intervals monitored in this study. These data are of reference value for differentiating codeine and morphine/heroin ingestion.
在对九名受试者进行的研究中,测定了在服用10–40毫克简单与复合可待因剂量后三天,每天三次服用后的不同时间间隔内尿液中可待因([C])和吗啡([M])的浓度,采用气相色谱-质谱分析法。观察到四种不同的[C]/[M]分布模式(阶段):a、在第一次服用后至服用后78–108小时(最后一次服用后18–48小时)[C] > [M];b、在第一次服用后78–90小时(最后一次服用后18–30小时)[C] ≈ [M];c、在第一次服用后78–102小时(最后一次服用后18–42小时)[C] < [M];d、在第一次服用后84–96小时(最后一次服用后24–36小时,且[M]范围为0.10至0.30 µg/mL)时[C] < 0.05 µg/mL且[M] > 0.05 µg/mL,接近终末阶段。在整个排泄期间和本研究监测的时间间隔内,没有任何个体显示出所有四种[C]/[M]分布特征。这些数据对区分可待因和吗啡/海洛因的摄入具有参考价值。