ethyl 2,4-dicyano-3-methylbutanoate | 18397-57-4

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 脂质和类脂质分子 - 脂肪酰基
• 英文名称: ethyl 2,4-dicyano-3-methylbutanoate
• 英文别名: 2,4-dicyano-3-methyl-butyric acid ethyl ester；2,4-Dicyan-3-methyl-buttersaeure-aethylester；2-Aethoxycarbonyl-3-methylglutarsaeure-dinitril；Ethyl 2,4-dicyano-3-methyl-butanoate
• CAS: 18397-57-4
• 化学式: C₉H₁₂N₂O₂
• 分子量: 180.206
• InChiKey: UUVIHBBZXGYHPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N

物化性质

• 沸点：
  160 °C(Press: 3 Torr)
• 密度：
  1.071±0.06 g/cm3(Predicted)

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  0.9
• 重原子数：
  13
• 可旋转键数：
  5
• 环数：
  0.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.67
• 拓扑面积：
  73.9
• 氢给体数：
  0
• 氢受体数：
  4

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  ethyl 2,4-dicyano-3-methylbutanoate 在 sodium hydroxide 作用下， 反应 1.25h， 生成 2,4-Dicyano-3-methyl-butyric acid
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Selective Hydrolysis of Aliphatic Dinitriles to Monocarboxylic Acids by a Nitrilase from Arabidopsis thaliana

  摘要：

  描述了使用来自阿拉伯芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）的重组植物腈水解酶在大肠杆菌中表达，对多种二腈（dinitriles）进行水解的过程，这些二腈包括α,ω-二氰烷烃1、β-取代的戊二腈5和γ-氰基庚腈7。二腈1a-f转化为ω-氰基羧酸2a-f的水解转化率和选择性依赖于链长。从丙二腈（1a）到辛烯二腈（1f），酶活性显著增加。然而，选择性与转化速率并不相关。对于6个碳原子以下的链长，氰基羧酸是唯一的产品，即使起始材料完全转化。庚腈（1e）在转化率达到73%时，仅被水解为氰基羧酸2e，而未形成二酸（<1%）。戊二腈5a-c也被水解为相应的氰基丁酸6a-c，具有完美的选择性。腈水解酶专门水解7的原料氰基，生成3,5-二氰基庚酸（8a），相比于未取代的庚腈（1e），选择性略有降低。如果在转化率≤90%时终止水解，可以以72%的产率（转化率92%）单独分离出纯8a。在将8a酯化为甲酯8b后，只有5-氰基基团而不是酯功能被酶催化水解，生成氰基庚二酸单酯（10）。

  DOI：

  10.1055/s-2001-17523
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  sodium cyanoacetic acid ethyl ester 、 烯丙基腈 在 xylene 作用下， 生成 ethyl 2,4-dicyano-3-methylbutanoate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  THE COURSE OF ADDITION OF SODIUM ENOL ALKYLMALONIC AND SODIUM ENOL ALKYLCYANACETIC ESTERS TO UNSATURATED ESTERS

  摘要：

  DOI：

  10.1021/ja01354a052

文献信息

• Ruthenium-catalyzed aldol and Michael reactions of nitriles. Carbon-carbon bond formation by .alpha.-C-H activation of nitriles.
  作者：Shun-Ichi Murahashi、Takeshi Naota、Hiroshi Taki、Masahiko Mizuno、Hikaru Takaya、Sanshiro Komiya、Yuji Mizuho、Naohiko Oyasato、Makiko Hiraoka

  DOI：10.1021/ja00155a008

  日期：1995.12

  The ruthenium(II)-catalyzed reaction of nitriles with carbonyl compounds proceeds highly efficiently under neutral and mild conditions to give alpha,beta-unsaturated nitriles. Under similar reaction conditions, nitriles react with olefins bearing electron-withdrawing groups to give the corresponding Michael adducts. The efficiency of the reaction is illustrated by the selective additions to alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes and acetylenes bearing electron-withdrawing groups, which are difficult to perform using conventional bases. Chemoselective aldol and Michael reactions of nitriles can be performed in the presence of other active methylene compounds. Tandem Michael and Michael-aldol condensations of nitriles 30 can be performed with high diastereoselectivity. These reactions can be rationalized by assuming oxidative addition of ruthenium(0) to the alpha=C-H bond of nitriles and subsequent insertions to carbonyl compounds or olefins. As the key intermediates and active catalysts hydrido(N-bonded enolato)ruthenium(II) complexes, mer-RuH(NCCHCO(2)R)(NCCH(2)CO(2)R)(PPh(3))(3) (R = Me (41a), Et (41b), n-Bu (41c) have been upon treatment of RuH2(PPh(3))(4) (3) or RuH(C2H4)(PPh(3))(2)(PPh(2)C(6)H(4)) (4) with alkyl cyanoacetates. Kinetic study of the catalytic aldol reaction of ethyl cyanoacetate with benzaldehyde indicates that the rate-determining step reaction of enolato complex 41 with aldehydes.
• Colonge,J.; Guigues,F., Bulletin de la Societe Chimique de France, 1967, p. 3881 - 3888
  作者：Colonge,J.、Guigues,F.

  DOI：——

  日期：——
• THE COURSE OF ADDITION OF SODIUM ENOL ALKYLMALONIC AND SODIUM ENOL ALKYLCYANACETIC ESTERS TO UNSATURATED ESTERS
  作者：Arthur. Michael、John. Ross

  DOI：10.1021/ja01354a052

  日期：1931.3
• Selective Hydrolysis of Aliphatic Dinitriles to Monocarboxylic Acids by a Nitrilase from Arabidopsis thaliana
  作者：Franz Effenberger、Steffen Oßwald

  DOI：10.1055/s-2001-17523

  日期：——

  The hydrolysis of a variety of dinitriles including α,ω-dicyanoalkanes 1, β-substituted glutaronitriles 5, and γ-cyanopimelonitrile 7 with a recombinant plant nitrilase from Arabidopsis thaliana, expressed in E. coli, is described. Conversion rate and selectivity of the hydrolysis of dinitriles 1a-f to ω-cyanocarboxylic acids 2a-f depend on the chain length. The enzyme activity markedly increases from malononitrile (1a) to octanedinitrile (1f). The selectivity, however, does not correlate with the rates. Up to a chain length of 6 C-atoms, the cyanocarboxylic acid is the only product, even at complete conversion of the starting material. Pimelonitrile (1e) is hydrolyzed to the cyanocarboxylic acid 2e without formation of diacid (<1%) up to 73% conversion. Glutaronitriles 5a-c were also hydrolyzed to the corresponding cyanobutanoic acids 6a-c with perfect selectivity. The nitrilase hydrolyzes exclusively the primary cyano group of 7 to give 3,5-dicyanoheptanoic acid (8a), whereby the selectivity is slightly reduced compared to the unsubstituted pimelonitrile (1e). If the hydrolysis is terminated at conversions ≤90%, pure 8a can be isolated in 72% yield (92% referred to conversion). After esterification of 8a to the methyl ester 8b, only the 5-cyano group but not the ester function was hydrolyzed enzymatically to give cyanoheptanedioic acid monoester (10).

  描述了使用来自阿拉伯芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）的重组植物腈水解酶在大肠杆菌中表达，对多种二腈（dinitriles）进行水解的过程，这些二腈包括α,ω-二氰烷烃1、β-取代的戊二腈5和γ-氰基庚腈7。二腈1a-f转化为ω-氰基羧酸2a-f的水解转化率和选择性依赖于链长。从丙二腈（1a）到辛烯二腈（1f），酶活性显著增加。然而，选择性与转化速率并不相关。对于6个碳原子以下的链长，氰基羧酸是唯一的产品，即使起始材料完全转化。庚腈（1e）在转化率达到73%时，仅被水解为氰基羧酸2e，而未形成二酸（<1%）。戊二腈5a-c也被水解为相应的氰基丁酸6a-c，具有完美的选择性。腈水解酶专门水解7的原料氰基，生成3,5-二氰基庚酸（8a），相比于未取代的庚腈（1e），选择性略有降低。如果在转化率≤90%时终止水解，可以以72%的产率（转化率92%）单独分离出纯8a。在将8a酯化为甲酯8b后，只有5-氰基基团而不是酯功能被酶催化水解，生成氰基庚二酸单酯（10）。