N-Alkylation of poor nucleophilic amines and derivatives with alcohols by a hydrogen autotransfer process catalyzed by copper(II) acetate: scope and mechanistic considerations
作者:Ana Martínez-Asencio、Diego J. Ramón、Miguel Yus
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2011.02.075
日期:2011.4
simple catalyst for the selective N-monoalkylation of amino derivatives with poor nucleophilic character, such as aromatic and heteroaromatic amines as well as carboxamides, phosphinamides, sulfonamides, and phosphazenes, using in all cases primary alcohols as initial source of the electrophiles, through a hydrogen autotransfer process. In the case of sulfonamides, the monoalkylation process followed
Efficient catalytic aryl amination of bromoarenes using 3-iminophosphine palladium(II) chloride
作者:Danielle C. Samblanet、Joseph A.R. Schmidt
DOI:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2012.08.027
日期:2012.12
While pursuing the development of new hydroamination catalysts, a 3-iminophosphine palladium(II) chloride complex [(3IP)PdCl2] was synthesized that has subsequently proven to be an effective precatalyst for the aryl amination of bromoarenes. This (3IP)PdCl2 complex has been utilized in the catalytic aryl amination of both bromobenzene and bromopyridine derivatives, specifically yielding excellent activity in coupling reactions involving bromobenzene, 4-bromotoluene, and 2-bromopyridine. Using a standard set of catalytic conditions, many alkyl and aryl amines have been investigated as coupling partners in the aryl amination of bromoarenes. In general, secondary alkyl amines and ortho-substituted anilines proved to be the best substrates for this reaction, commonly giving quantitative conversion to products, while primary amines and other anilines gave only poor to moderate results. Catalytic screening data, product yields, and full characterization of isolated products are included. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
An Efficient Palladium-Catalyzed N-Alkylation of Amines Using Primary and Secondary Alcohols
PdCl2 in the presence of dppe or Xantphos(t-Bu) as the ligand is found to be an efficient catalyst for the N-alkylation of various primary and cyclic secondary amines using primary alcohols at 90–130 °C under neat conditions. Interestingly, good to excellent yields were achieved when more challenging secondary alcohols were used as alkylating agents at 130–150 °C. The reaction could be easily scaled