Haloperidol ketals and ethanedithioketals of interest as HIV-1 protease inhibitors were synthesized by addition of organolithium and organomagnesium reagents to ketone precursors already containing the ketal or thioketal functionality. Addition of Grignard reagents to the thioketal containing ketone was enhanced remarkably, and to the ketal containing ketone moderately, by the addition of magnesium chloride. The effect of magnesium chloride is attributed to its ability to competitively prevent chelation of the Grignard reagent and proton abstraction from the 4-oxopiperidine ring. The biological activities of the ketals and thioketals indicate that the thioketal function conveys greater ability to inhibit the HIV-1 protease than the ketal function.
作为HIV-1蛋白酶抑制剂的有趣的羟
哌啶酮酮缩醇和对苯二甲
硫酮,通过将
有机锂和
有机镁试剂添加到已经含有酮缩醇或
硫酮功能的酮前体来合成。向含有
硫酮的酮中添加Grignard试剂的反应显著增强,而对含有酮缩醇的酮则适度增强,这是通过添加
氯化镁实现的。
氯化镁的影响归因于它竞争性地防止Grignard试剂的螯合和从4-氧
哌啶环上的质子抽取。酮缩醇和
硫酮的
生物活性表明,
硫酮功能比酮缩醇功能具有更强的抑制HIV-1
蛋白酶的能力。