Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of azides with isocyanides
作者:Zhen Zhang、Zongyang Li、Bin Fu、Zhenhua Zhang
DOI:10.1039/c5cc05981j
日期:——
A palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reaction of azides with isocyanides is developed, providing a general synthetic route to unsymmetric carbodiimides.
Gold Metal-Catalyzed Reactions of Isocyanides with Primary Amines and Oxygen: Analogies with Reactions of Isocyanides in Transition Metal Complexes
作者:Mihaela Lazar、Robert J. Angelici
DOI:10.1021/ja0618907
日期:2006.8.1
properties, bulk gold metal is observed to catalyze reactions of isocyanides (CN-R) with primary amines (H2N-R') and O2 to give carbodiimides (R-N=C=N-R') at room temperature and above. Detailed infrared reflection absorption spectroscopic (IRRAS) and kinetic studies show that the reaction occurs by initial eta1-adsorption of the isocyanide on the Au surface, which activates the isocyanide to attack by the
尽管其催化性能通常较差,但观察到块状金金属在室温下催化异氰化物 (CN-R) 与伯胺 (H2N-R') 和 O2 反应生成碳二亚胺 (RN=C=N-R')以上。详细的红外反射吸收光谱 (IRRAS) 和动力学研究表明,该反应是通过异氰化物在 Au 表面上的初始 eta1 吸附发生的,这会激活异氰化物以受到胺的攻击。这种攻击是催化循环中的速率决定步骤,其特征与胺与过渡金属配合物中配位异氰化物的反应非常相似。然而,金属 Au 表面提供了一条涉及 O2 的途径以产生碳二亚胺产物,而均相金属离子催化剂产生甲脒[HC(=NR)(NHR')]。
Preparation of Carbodiimides Using Phase-Transfer Catalysis
作者:Zsuzsa M. Jászay、Imre Petneházy、László Töke、Béla Szajáni
DOI:10.1055/s-1987-27992
日期:——
A new method is described for the preparation of carbodiimides by dehydration of ureas with arenesulfonyl chlorides under solid-liquid phase-transfer catalytic (PTC) conditions using solid potassium carbonate as a base and a lipophilic quaternary ammonium salt as a catalyst. The method is generally applicable for the synthesis of disubstituted carbodiimides, but is especially useful for unsymmetrically substituted carbodiimides. The basic carbodiimides prepared were identified in the form of the more stable, crystalline quaternary salts.