Discovery and SAR of a Novel Selective and Orally Bioavailable Nonpeptide Classical Competitive Inhibitor Class of Protein-Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B
摘要:
Reversible phosphorylation and dephosphorylation of key proteins on tyrosine residues are important parts of intracellular signaling triggered by hormones and other agents. Recent knock-out studies in mice have identified PTP1B as a potential target for the treatment of diabetes and obesity. As a consequence, a number of academic and industrial groups are aggressively pursuing the development of selective PTP1B inhibitors. In addition, other protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) appear to be critically involved in major diseases such as cancer and autoimmunity. Given the diversity of PTPs and their potential as drug targets in different diseases, we have taken a broad approach to develop active site-directed selective inhibitors of specific members of this family of enzymes. Using a high throughput screening, we have previously identified 2-(oxalylamino)benzoic acid 3a as a relatively weak but classical competitive inhibitor of several PTPs.(4) On the basis of our early studies, indicating that 3a might be used as a starting point for the synthesis of selective PTP inhibitors, we now present our efforts in expansion of this concept and provide here a number of new chemical scaffolds for the development of inhibitors of different members of the PTP family. Although the core structure of these inhibitors is charged, good oral bioavailability has been observed in rat for some compounds. Furthermore, we have observed enhancement of 2-deoxy-glucose accumulation in C2C12 cells with prodrug analogues.
一种方便的协议,可使用易于获得的5-取代的3-氨基噻吩-2-羧酸酯一锅合成噻吩并[3,2- b ]吲哚,在C-2位带有芳香,噻吩-2-基或苯乙烯基片段Fischer吲哚化反应是在这项研究期间开发的。该方法的两个主要步骤是用氢氧化钠对起始的3-氨基酯进行皂化,然后在冰醋酸溶液中用芳基肼对粗制的3-氨基酸钠盐进行下一步处理。后面的步骤包括将游离的3-氨基噻吩-2-羧酸原位脱羧为3-氨基噻吩,并使其与芳基肼的酸促进反应,最初形成5-取代噻吩-3(2 H的芳基hydr))-平滑地导致吲哚化以提供所需的噻吩并[3,2- b ]吲哚。
Synthesis and combinatorial approach of the reactivity of 6- and 7-arylthieno[3,2-d][1,3]oxazine-2,4-diones
作者:François-Xavier Le Foulon、Emmanuelle Braud、Frédéric Fabis、Jean-Charles Lancelot、Sylvain Rault
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2003.10.028
日期:2003.12
This paper describes a general procedure for the synthesis of new substituted thiaisatoic anhydrides or 6- or 7-aryl-1H-thiéno[3,2-d][1,3]oxazine-2,4-diones 3a–j and 4a–f. They were synthesized in large scale under microwave heating conditions with high yields. The reactivity vs nucleophilic reagents of these compounds was studied and permitted to develop a simple combinatorial procedure to synthesize