Use of functionalized onium salts as a soluble support for organic synthesis
申请人:Vaultier Michel
公开号:US20070043234A1
公开(公告)日:2007-02-22
The invention relates to the use of a onium salt functionalized by at least one organic function, as a soluble support, in the presence of at least one organic solvent, for organic synthesis of a molecule, in a homogenous phase, by at least one transformation of said organic function. The onium salt enables the synthesized molecule to be released. The onium salt is present in liquid or solid form at room temperature and corresponds to formula A
1
+
, X
1
−
, wherein A
1
+
represents a cation and X
1
−
represents an anion.
Silica-Promoted Diels−Alder Reactions in Carbon Dioxide from Gaseous to Supercritical Conditions
作者:Randy D. Weinstein、Adam R. Renslo、Rick L. Danheiser、Jefferson W. Tester
DOI:10.1021/jp984227g
日期:1999.4.1
Amorphous fumed silica (SiO(2)) was shown to increase yields and selectivities of several Diels-Alder reactions in gaseous and supercritical CO(2). Pressure effects on the Diels-Alder reaction were explored using methyl vinyl ketone and penta-1,3-diene at 80 degrees C. The selectivity of the reaction was not affected by pressure/density. As pressure was increased, the yield decreased. At the reaction temperature, adsorption isotherms at various pressures were obtained for the reactants and the Diels-Alder adduct. As expected when pressure is increased, the ratio of the amount of reactants adsorbed to the amount of reactants in the fluid phase decreases, thus causing the yield to decrease. The Langmuir adsorption model fit the adsorption data. The Langmuir equilibrium partitioning constants all decreased with increasing pressure. The effect of temperature on adsorption was experimentally determined and traditional heats of adsorption were calculated. However, since supercritical CO(2) is a highly compressible fluid, it is logical to examine the effect of temperature at constant density. In this case, entropies of adsorption were obtained. The thermodynamic properties that influence the real enthalpy and entropy of adsorption were derived. Methods of doping the silica and improving yields and selectivities were also explored.
Directing Abilities of Alcohol-Derived Functional Groups in the Hydroformylation of Olefins
作者:Li Ren、Cathleen M. Crudden
DOI:10.1021/jo001751m
日期:2002.3.1
hydroformylation syn to the functional group, which would suggest a directing effect. However, hydroformylation of 3-methylene-1-cyclohexanol derivatives occurs on the face opposite to the directing group in the major isomer. These data, in addition to the results of hydroformylation of 1-methyl-2-methylenecyclohexane, suggest that inherent conformational preferences are of significant importance in determining