作者:A. V. Kulinich、N. A. Derevyanko、A. A. Ishchenko
DOI:10.1007/s11172-006-0196-0
日期:2005.12
Di-, tetra-, and hexamethine merocyanines derived from malononitrile and heterocycles with moderate (dyes 1–6), strong (7–9), and weak (10 and 11) electron-releasing ability were synthesized. The electronic structures of merocyanines 10 and 11 are similar to the neutral polyene state, whereas those of 7–9 are similar to the ideal polymethine state. These tendencies become more pronounced with increasing length of the polymethine chain. The merocyanines derived from heterocyclic residues with weak or moderate electron-releasing ability exhibit a positive solvatochromism, whereas those with strong electron-releasing ability show a negative solvatochromism. An increase in the polarity of the solvent makes the former compounds more similar to polymethines, whereas the latter become more similar to polyenes bearing opposite charges on the end groups. The nature of the factors (nonspecific solvation, specific nucleophilic and electrophilic solvation, and vibronic interactions) responsible for the observed characteristic features was analyzed.
合成了由美克腈和具有中等(染料1-6)、强(染料7-9)及弱(染料10和11)电子供给能力的杂环衍生的二甲、四甲和六甲美克腈。美克腈10和11的电子结构类似于中性聚烯状态,而7-9的电子结构则更接近理想的聚美烯状态。随着聚美烯链长的增加,这些趋势变得更加明显。由具有弱或中等电子供给能力的杂环残基衍生的美克腈表现出正溶剂色变,而那些具有强电子供给能力的则表现出负溶剂色变。溶剂极性的增加使得前者的化合物更类似于聚美烯,而后者则更类似于在末端基团带有相反电荷的聚烯。对导致观察到的特征特性的因素(非特异性溶剂化、特异性亲核和亲电子溶剂化以及振动耦合效应)进行了分析。