Design of HIV-1 integrase inhibitors targeting the catalytic domain as well as its interaction with LEDGF/p75: A scaffold hopping approach using salicylate and catechol groups
摘要:
HIV-1 integrase (IN) is a validated therapeutic target for antiviral drug design. However, the emergence of viral strains resistant to clinically studied IN inhibitors demands the discovery of novel inhibitors that are structurally as well mechanistically different. Herein, we describe the design and discovery of novel IN inhibitors targeting the catalytic domain as well as its interaction with LEDGF/p75, which is essential for the HIV-1 integration as an IN cofactor. By merging the pharmacophores of salicylate and catechol, the 2,3-dihydroxybenzamide (5a) was identified as a new scaffold to inhibit the strand transfer reaction efficiently. Further structural modifications on the 2,3-dihydroxybenzamide scaffold revealed that the heteroaromatic functionality attached on the carboxamide portion and the piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl substituted at the phenyl ring are beneficial for the activity, resulting in a low micromolar IN inhibitor (5p, IC(50) = 5 mu M) with more than 40-fold selectivity for the strand transfer over the 3'-processing reaction. More significantly, this active scaffold remarkably inhibited the interaction between IN and LEDGF/p75 cofactor. The prototype example, N-(cyclohexylmethyl)-2,3-dihydroxy-5-(piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl) benzamide (5u) inhibited the IN-LEDGF/p75 interaction with an IC(50) value of 8 mu M. Using molecular modeling, the mechanism of action was hypothesized to involve the chelation of the divalent metal ions inside the IN active site. Furthermore, the inhibitor of IN-LEDGF/p75 interaction was properly bound to the LEDGF/p75 binding site on IN. This work provides a new and efficient approach to evolve novel HIV-1 IN inhibitors from rational integration and optimization of previously reported inhibitors. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Design of HIV-1 integrase inhibitors targeting the catalytic domain as well as its interaction with LEDGF/p75: A scaffold hopping approach using salicylate and catechol groups
摘要:
HIV-1 integrase (IN) is a validated therapeutic target for antiviral drug design. However, the emergence of viral strains resistant to clinically studied IN inhibitors demands the discovery of novel inhibitors that are structurally as well mechanistically different. Herein, we describe the design and discovery of novel IN inhibitors targeting the catalytic domain as well as its interaction with LEDGF/p75, which is essential for the HIV-1 integration as an IN cofactor. By merging the pharmacophores of salicylate and catechol, the 2,3-dihydroxybenzamide (5a) was identified as a new scaffold to inhibit the strand transfer reaction efficiently. Further structural modifications on the 2,3-dihydroxybenzamide scaffold revealed that the heteroaromatic functionality attached on the carboxamide portion and the piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl substituted at the phenyl ring are beneficial for the activity, resulting in a low micromolar IN inhibitor (5p, IC(50) = 5 mu M) with more than 40-fold selectivity for the strand transfer over the 3'-processing reaction. More significantly, this active scaffold remarkably inhibited the interaction between IN and LEDGF/p75 cofactor. The prototype example, N-(cyclohexylmethyl)-2,3-dihydroxy-5-(piperidin-1-ylsulfonyl) benzamide (5u) inhibited the IN-LEDGF/p75 interaction with an IC(50) value of 8 mu M. Using molecular modeling, the mechanism of action was hypothesized to involve the chelation of the divalent metal ions inside the IN active site. Furthermore, the inhibitor of IN-LEDGF/p75 interaction was properly bound to the LEDGF/p75 binding site on IN. This work provides a new and efficient approach to evolve novel HIV-1 IN inhibitors from rational integration and optimization of previously reported inhibitors. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Kcnq channel modulating compounds and their pharmaceutical use
申请人:Brown Dalby William
公开号:US20060173058A1
公开(公告)日:2006-08-03
This invention relates to novel compounds useful as modulators of the KCNQ channel, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, and to methods of treatment herewith.
KCNQ CHANNEL MODULATING COMPOUNDS AND THEIR PHARMACEUTICAL USE
申请人:NEUROSEARCH A/S
公开号:EP1603858A2
公开(公告)日:2005-12-14
US7741352B2
申请人:——
公开号:US7741352B2
公开(公告)日:2010-06-22
[EN] NOVEL KCNQ CHANNEL MODULATING COMPOUNDS AND THEIR USE<br/>[FR] NOUVEAUX COMPOSES MODULANT LE CANAL KCNQ ET LEUR UTILISATION
申请人:NEUROSEARCH AS
公开号:WO2004080377A2
公开(公告)日:2004-09-23
This invention relates to compounds of the general formula (I) useful as modulators of the KCNQ channel, to pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds, and to methods of treatment herewith.