The synergistic copper/ppm Pd-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation of alkynes with formic acid as a CO surrogate as well as a hydrogen source: an alternative indirect utilization of CO<sub>2</sub>
作者:Shu-Mei Xia、Zhi-Wen Yang、Xiang-Yang Yao、Kai-Hong Chen、Li-Qi Qiu、Liang-Nian He
DOI:10.1039/d1gc02735b
日期:——
An unprecedented strategy has been developed involving the earth-abundant Cu-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation of alkynes with HCOOH to (E)-acrylic derivatives with high regio- and stereoselectivity via synergistic effects with ppm levels of a Pd catalyst. Both symmetrical and unsymmetrical alkynes bearing various functional groups were successfully hydrocarboxylated with HCOOH, and the modification of
已经开发了一种前所未有的策略,涉及通过与 Pd 催化剂的 ppm 水平的协同效应,用 HCOOH 将地球上丰富的 Cu 催化的炔烃加氢羧化为具有高区域和立体选择性的( E )-丙烯酸衍生物。带有各种官能团的对称和不对称炔烃均成功地被 HCOOH 烃基化,药物分子的修饰体现了该过程的实用性。该协议采用 HCOOH 作为 CO 替代物和氢供体,具有 100% 的原子经济性,可以将其视为间接 CO 2使用的替代方法。机理研究表明 Cu/ppm Pd 协同催化机制通过烯基铜物种作为潜在的中间体,由铜氢化物活性催化物种形成,HCOOH 作为氢源。这种包含廉价 Cu 和痕量 Pd 的双金属系统提供了一种可靠且有效的加氢羧化方法,以 HCOOH 作为氢源获得工业上有用的丙烯酸衍生物,并为优化其他与 Cu-H 相关的助催化系统提供了新的线索。
A New Synthesis of Unsaturated Acids. IV. Further Aspects of the Scope and Mechanism of the Conversion of Halopyrazolones to α,β-Acetylenic and Olefinic Acids<sup>1</sup>
作者:Louis A. Carpino、Paul H. Terry、S. D. Thatte
DOI:10.1021/jo01347a031
日期:1966.9
US5670531A
申请人:——
公开号:US5670531A
公开(公告)日:1997-09-23
Synthesis of 2-aryloxy butenoates by copper-catalysed allylic C–H carboxylation of allyl aryl ethers with carbon dioxide
作者:Atsushi Ueno、Masanori Takimoto、Zhaomin Hou
DOI:10.1039/c7ob00341b
日期:——
2-aryloxy-3-butenoic acid esters by allylic C–H bond carboxylation of allyl aryl ethers with CO2 has been achieved through deprotonative alumination with an aluminium ate compound (iBu3Al(TMP)Li) followed by NHC-copper-catalysed carboxylation of the resulting aryloxy allylaluminum species. Functional groups such as halogens (F, Cl, Br, I), CF3, amino, methylthio, silyloxy and hetero aromatic groups survived the
通过用铝酸酯化合物(i Bu 3 Al(TMP)Li)然后进行NHC的去质子化铝,通过烯丙基芳基醚与CO 2的烯丙基C–H键羧化烯丙基C–H键羧化,可以有效合成2-芳氧基-3-丁烯酸酯-铜催化的芳氧基烯丙基铝物种的羧化反应。诸如卤素(F,Cl,Br,I),CF 3,氨基,甲硫基,甲硅烷氧基和杂芳族基团的官能团在反应条件下幸存下来。2-芳氧基-3-丁烯酸酯产物的区域和立体选择性转化(异构化)为(Z在催化量的DBU存在下也已经获得了)-2-芳氧基-2-丁烯酸酯异构体。因此,这些转化构成了一种有效的方案,用于使用CO 2作为C1结构单元,从单一的烯丙基芳基醚底物发散合成2-芳氧基3-2和2-丁烯酸酯。