[2,2]Paracyclophane-Based N,O-Ligands in Alkenylzinc Additions to Aldehydes
摘要:
[GRAPHICS]The application of planar and central chiral [2,2]paracyclophane-based N,O-ligands in asymmetric alkenylzinc additions to various aldehydes is described, which gives rise to very high ee's especially for difficult substrates. A fine-tuning of the alkenylzinc species by employing different transmetalation reagents is reported, allowing control of the steric bulk of the alkenylzinc species and thus the selectivity of the catalysis.
Catalytic asymmetric synthesis ofSecondary (E)-allyl alcohols from acetylenes and aldehydesvia (1-alkenyl)zinc intermediates. Preliminary Communication
作者:Wolfgang Oppolzer、Rumen N. Radinov
DOI:10.1002/hlca.19920750114
日期:1992.2.5
mol-equiv., hexane), treatment of the resulting [(E)-1-alkenyl]boranes 5 with Et2Zn or Me2Zn (1.05 mol-equiv.) followed by addition of (−)-3-exo-(dimethylamino)isoborneol (DAIB, 8; 0.01 mol-equiv.), subsequent addition of a solution of an aromatic or aliphatic aldehyde (1 mol-equiv., hexane), and quenching with aq. NH4Cl provided (E)-allylalcohols 6 usually in 70–95% yield with 79–98% enantiomeric
Asymmetric Hydrogenation of <i>tert</i>-Alkyl Ketones
作者:Takeshi Ohkuma、Christian A. Sandoval、Rajagopal Srinivasan、Quinghong Lin、Yinmao Wei、Kilian Muñiz、Ryoji Noyori
DOI:10.1021/ja052071+
日期:2005.6.1
A combined system of RuCl2(tolbinap)(pica) and an alkaline or organic phosphazene base catalyzes asymmetric hydrogenation of sterically congested tert-alkyl ketones (TolBINAP = 2,2'-bis(di-4-tolylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl, PICA = alpha-picolylamine). Hydrogenation with RuH(eta1-BH4)(tolbinap)(pica) does not require any strong base. Alcoholic solvents strongly affect the catalytic efficiency. The reaction proceeds smoothly in ethanol under 1-20 atm of H2 and at room temperature with a substrate to catalyst molar ratio of up to 100 000. Various aliphatic, aromatic, heteroaromatic, and olefinic tert-alkyl ketones are convertible to the corresponding chiral carbinols in high enantiomeric purity. Olefinic and heteroaromatic functions are left intact. Certain cyclic ketones are also usable. The mode of enantioface selection is consistent and predictable.