Chiral Synthesis via Organoboranes. 42. Selective Reductions. 57. Efficient Kinetic Resolution of Representative α-Tertiary Ketones with B-Chlorodiisopinocampheylborane
摘要:
Kinetic resolution of racemic alpha-tertiary ketones with 0.5-0.6 molar equiv of B-chlorodiisopinocampheylborane provides the product alcohols in very high diastereomeric and enantiomeric excess, with the unreacted ketone recovered in very high ee. For example, ethyl 1-methyl-8-oxocyclopentane- and -cyclohexanecarboxylates are partially reduced to recover the ketone in 91 greater than or equal to 99% ee and the product alcohols in up to 94% de, with >90% ee for the major diastereomer. Bicyclic ketones, such as 1-methyl- and 1-ethylnorcamphor, camphor, and camphenilone, are readily resolved to provide the ketone in 92 to greater than or equal to 99% ee, with the product alcohol recovered in high de and ee. Dihydrospiro[bicyclo[3.2.1]octane-2,2'(3'H)-furan]-3-one is resolved to provide the ketone in greater than or equal to 99% ee and the product alcohol in greater than or equal to 99% de. In all the cases studied, the R-isomer of the ketone is recovered when (d)Ipc(2)BCl is used for kinetic resolution, while (l)Ipc(2)BCl provides the S-ketone. Optimum conditions for obtaining the product alcohol, or the ketone, or both, in very high yields and ee have been established.
Chiral Synthesis via Organoboranes. 43. Selective Reductions. 58. Reagent-Controlled Diastereoselective Reduction of (+)- and <b>(</b><b>−</b><b>)-</b>α-Chiral Ketones with (+)- and (−)-<i>B</i>-Chlorodiisopinocampheylborane
作者:P. Veeraraghavan Ramachandran、Guang-Ming Chen、Herbert C. Brown
DOI:10.1021/jo951207r
日期:1996.1.1
Asymmetric reduction of (+)- and (-)-alpha-chiral ketones with (+)- and (-)-B-chlorodiisopinocampheylborane provides the product alcohols in very high diastereomeric excess, with the matched pairs providing >100:1 selectivity and the mismatched pairs showing 4:1-15:1 selectivity. The high selectivity achieved even in the mismatched pairs reveals the power of the reagent to control the stereochemical outcome. The rates of the reaction of the matched pairs are faster than those of the mismatched pairs, In all the cases studied thus far, the (-)-reagent ((d)Ipc(2)BCl) and (S)ketone or the (+)-reagent ((l)Ipc(2)BCl) and (R)-ketone constitute matched pairs and the (-)-reagent and (R)-ketone or the (+)-reagent and (S)-ketone constitute mismatched pairs, A possible mechanism for the reductions is discussed.
Construction of All-Carbon Quaternary Center by R<sub>2</sub>AlCl−Mediated Ring-Opening Reaction of Oxacycles
作者:Chao Che、Lianzhu Liu、Jianxian Gong、Yunfang Yang、Guoxin Wang、Junmin Quan、Zhen Yang
DOI:10.1021/ol902685h
日期:2010.2.5
An unexpected R2AlCl-mediated ring-opening reaction of oxacycles for the formation of all-carbon quaternary centers was discovered, and a possible mechanism is proposed. The developed chemistry provides a concise approach to synthesize structural diverse of dolastane-type compounds.
Chemo-enzymatic synthesis of ( R )-5-hydroxymethyl-2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclopent-1-en-1-yl trifluoromethylsulfonate, a potential chiral building block for multicyclic terpenoids
The chemo-enzymatic synthesis of (R)-5-hydroxymethy1-2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclopent-1-en-1-y1 trifluoromethylsulfonate, a potential chiral building block for polycyclic terpenoids containing a five-membered ring having isopropyl and angular methyl substituents, such as erinacin A and dolatriol, was achieved over 11 steps from ethyl 2-oxocyclopentane-l-carboxylate. The key synthetic precursor for this triflate was ethyl (1S,2R)-2-hydroxycyclopentanecarboxylate (>99% ee), which was prepared by a lipase-catalyzed enantioselective hydrolysis of the corresponding racemic acetate. The antipodal (S)-triflate is expected to be the synthetic intermediate for another group of terpenoids involving hamigeran B and stolonidiol. Enantiomerically pure (1R,2S)-hydroxyester (>99% ee) was prepared in high yield using the asymmetric reduction of the oxoester with commercially available carbonyl reductase, "Chiralscreen (R) OH"-E001. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.