[EN] BIODEGRADABLE SOLVENTS FOR THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY<br/>[FR] SOLVANTS BIODÉGRADABLES POUR L'INDUSTRIE CHIMIQUE
申请人:UNIV DUBLIN CITY
公开号:WO2009024607A1
公开(公告)日:2009-02-26
This invention relates to ionic liquid (ILs) solvents for chemical synthesis based on an alkyl - imidazolium cation core containing ionic liquids which have enhanced biodegradability and reduced toxicity relative to existing imidazolium bases ILs such as 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (bmmim) salts. Many of the described ILs produce a score of over 60% biodegradability over 28 days in a biodegradability test such as the Sturm Test, the Closed Bottle Test (OECD 301D) or the CO2 Headspace Test (ISO 14593). The ILs of the invention comprise an alkyl substituted imidazolium cationic core having a -C=OX- side chain in the 3-position of the imidazole ring, wherein X = O, NH, N or S and an associated counteranion characterized in that the -C=OX side chain comprises at least one ether linkage. The biodegradable and non-toxic IL may be used as green solvents for the chemical, pharmaceutical, biofuel and biomass industries. The ILs of the invention are particularly useful in hydrogenation, pericyclic and metathesis reactions.
trans-Cinnamaldehyde is selectively hydrogenated to hydrocinnamaldehyde using a commercially available palladium catalyst in novel imidazolium ILs. The selective hydrogenation extends to benzyl cinnamate, in which the ester is protected from hydrogenolysis under similar conditions.
Process for the preparation of bromoacetic acid and esters thereof
申请人:Katayama Chemical Works Co., Ltd.
公开号:US04123443A1
公开(公告)日:1978-10-31
New economically valuable and convenient methods for preparing bromoacetic acid and its esters from chloroacetic acid are disclosed.
本发明公开了一种从氯乙酸制备溴乙酸及其酯类的新型经济有价值且方便的方法。
BIODEGRADABLE SOLVENTS FOR THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
申请人:Gathergood Nick
公开号:US20110201824A1
公开(公告)日:2011-08-18
This invention relates to ionic liquid (ILs) solvents for chemical synthesis based on an alkyl-imidazolium cation core containing ionic liquids which have enhanced biodegradability and reduced toxicity relative to existing imidazolium bases ILs such as 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium (bmmim) salts. Many of the described ILs produce a score of over 60% biodegradability over 28 days in a biodegradability test such as the Sturm Test, the Closed Bottle Test (OECD 301D) or the CO
2
Headspace Test (ISO 14593). The ILs of the invention comprise an alkyl substituted imidazolium cationic core having a —C═OX— side chain in the 3-position of the imidazole ring, wherein X═O, NH, N or S and an associated counteranion characterized in that the —C═OX side chain comprises at least one ether linkage. The biodegradable and non-toxic IL may be used as green solvents for the chemical, pharmaceutical, biofuel and biomass industries. The ILs of the invention are particularly useful in hydrogenation, pericyclic and metathesis reactions.