IARC Monographs:Volume 26: (1981) Some Antineoplastic and Immunosuppressive Agents
Volume Sup 7: Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity: An Updating of IARC Monographs Volumes 1 to 42, 1987; 440 pages; ISBN 92-832-1411-0 (out of print)
Volume 100A: (2012) Pharmaceuticals
来源:International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)
◉ Summary of Use during Lactation:Cyclophosphamide appears in milk in potentially toxic amounts; additionally, highly toxic active metabolites could add to the risk to the infant. Neutropenia has been reported in 2 infants whose mothers breastfed them while receiving cyclophosphamide. Most sources consider breastfeeding to be contraindicated during maternal cytotoxic antineoplastic drug therapy, especially alkylating agents such as cyclophosphamide. Although some have suggested withholding breastfeeding for 1 to 3 days after a dose, it appears to take more than 21 days for the drug and its metabolites to be completely eliminated from breastmilk. Some authors’ data suggest that it might take 6 weeks for milk levels to drop to a safe level after a dose of cyclophosphamide 750 mg/sq. m.
Chemotherapy may adversely affect the normal microbiome and chemical makeup of breastmilk. Women who receive chemotherapy during pregnancy are more likely to have difficulty nursing their infant.
◉ Effects in Breastfed Infants:In one 23-day-old infant, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia and a low hemoglobin were possibly caused by cyclophosphamide after 3 days of maternal treatment with cyclophosphamide 6 mg/kg IV daily (total dose 300 mg).
In a 4-month-old, neutropenia was probably caused by cyclophosphamide in a mother 9 days after the last of 6 weekly doses of 800 mg cyclophosphamide intravenously, 2 mg vincristine intravenously and daily doses of 30 mg of prednisolone orally. Neutropenia persisted at least 12 days and was accompanied by a brief episode of diarrhea.
A woman was diagnosed with B-cell lymphoma at 27 weeks of pregnancy. Labor was induced at 34 4/7 weeks and treatment was begun with a standard regimen of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone in unspecified doses on a 21-day cycle, starting on day 2 postpartum. She pumped and discarded her milk and fed her infant donor milk for the first 10 days of each cycle and then breastfed her infant for the remaining 10 days before the next treatment cycle. The 10-day period of breastfeeding abstinence was determined by using about 3 half-lives of vincristine. After completion of 4 cycles of chemotherapy, her infant was reportedly healthy and developing without any complications.
◉ Effects on Lactation and Breastmilk:Telephone follow-up study was conducted on 74 women who received cancer chemotherapy at one center during the second or third trimester of pregnancy to determine if they were successful at breastfeeding postpartum. Only 34% of the women were able to exclusively breastfeed their infants, and 66% of the women reported experiencing breastfeeding difficulties. This was in comparison to a 91% breastfeeding success rate in 22 other mothers diagnosed during pregnancy, but not treated with chemotherapy. Other statistically significant correlations included: 1. mothers with breastfeeding difficulties had an average of 5.5 cycles of chemotherapy compared with 3.8 cycles among mothers who had no difficulties; and 2. mothers with breastfeeding difficulties received their first cycle of chemotherapy on average 3.4 weeks earlier in pregnancy. Of the 56 women who received a cyclophosphamide-containing regimen, 34 had breastfeeding difficulties.
Occupational hepatotoxin - Secondary hepatotoxins: the potential for toxic effect in the occupational setting is based on cases of poisoning by human ingestion or animal experimentation.
Reproductive Toxin - A chemical that is toxic to the reproductive system, including defects in the progeny and injury to male or female reproductive function. Reproductive toxicity includes developmental effects. See Guidelines for Reproductive Toxicity Risk Assessment.
IARC Carcinogen - Class 1: International Agency for Research on Cancer classifies chemicals as established human carcinogens.
NTP Carcinogen - Known to be a human carcinogen.
来源:Haz-Map, Information on Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases
[EN] HETEROCYCLIC AMIDES USEFUL AS PROTEIN MODULATORS<br/>[FR] AMIDES HÉTÉROCYCLIQUES UTILES EN TANT QUE MODULATEURS DE PROTÉINE
申请人:GLAXOSMITHKLINE IP DEV LTD
公开号:WO2017175147A1
公开(公告)日:2017-10-12
Disclosed are compounds having the formula (I-N), wherein q, r, s, A, B, C, RA1, RA2, RB1, RB2, RC1, RC2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R14, R15, R16, and R17, are as defined herein, or a tautomer thereof, or a salt, particularly a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, thereof.
[EN] MODULATORS OF STIMULATOR OF INTERFERON GENES (STING) USEFUL IN TREATING HIV<br/>[FR] MODULATEURS DE STIMULATEUR DES GÈNES (STING) D'INTERFÉRON UTILES DANS LE TRAITEMENT DU VIH
申请人:GLAXOSMITHKLINE IP DEV LTD
公开号:WO2019069269A1
公开(公告)日:2019-04-11
Disclosed are compounds having the formula: (I-N) wherein q, r, s, A, B, C, RA1, RA2, RB1, RB2, RC1, RC2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R14, R15, R16, and R17, are as defined herein, or a tautomer thereof, or a salt, particularly a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, thereof, along with combinations thereof, all of which are useful in HIV therapies.
Benzimidazole Boronic Acid Derivatives As PI3 Kinase Inhibitors
申请人:GlaxoSmithKline LLC
公开号:US20130157977A1
公开(公告)日:2013-06-20
This invention relates to the use of benzimidazole boronic acid derivatives for the modulation, notably the inhibition of the activity or function of the phosphoinositide 3′ OH kinase family (hereinafter PI3 kinases), suitably, PI3Kα, PI3Kδ, PI3Kβ, and/or PI3Kγ. Suitably, the present invention relates to the use of benzimidazole boronic acids in the treatment of one or more disease states selected from: autoimmune disorders, inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, allergy, asthma, pancreatitis, multiorgan failure, kidney diseases, platelet aggregation, cancer, sperm motility, transplantation rejection, graft rejection and lung injuries. More suitably, the present invention relates to PI3Kβ selective benzimidazole boronic acid compounds for treating cancer.
[EN] ENHANCER OF ZESTE HOMOLOG 2 INHIBITORS<br/>[FR] ACTIVATEUR D'INHIBITEURS DE L'HOMOLOGUE 2 DE ZESTE
申请人:GLAXOSMITHKLINE IP NO 2 LTD
公开号:WO2014195919A1
公开(公告)日:2014-12-11
This invention relates to novel compounds according to Formula (I) which are inhibitors of Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 (EZH2), to pharmaceutical compositions containing them, to processes for their preparation, and to their use in therapy for the treatment of cancers.
[EN] AZABENZIMIDAZOLES AS FATTY ACID SYNTHASE INHIBITORS<br/>[FR] AZABENZAMIDAZOLES COMME INHIBITEURS D'ACIDE GRAS SYNTHASE
申请人:GLAXOSMITHKLINE LLC
公开号:WO2011066211A1
公开(公告)日:2011-06-03
This invention relates to the use of azabenzimidazole derivatives for the modulation, notably the inhibition of the activity or function of fatty acid synthase (FAS). Suitably, the present invention relates to the use of azabenzimidazoles in the treatment of cancer.