Indole-to-Carbazole Strategy for the Synthesis of Substituted Carbazoles under Metal-Free Conditions
作者:Shanping Chen、Yuxia Li、Penghui Ni、Huawen Huang、Guo-Jun Deng
DOI:10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02762
日期:2016.10.21
An efficient indole-to-carbazole strategy has been developed under metal-free conditions. This carbazole formation was highly promoted by NH4I with high regioselectivity through formal [2 + 2 + 2] annulation of indoles, ketones, and nitroolefins. It thus conveniently enabled the assembly of a large number of diversified carbazole products with good tolerance of a broad range of functional groups.
A series of novel diisocyanide ligands (o-CNC6H4O)2Y (diNC-1: Y = P(O)Ph; diNC-2: Y = o-C(O)C6H4C(O); diNC-3: Y = m-C(O)C6H4C(O); diNC-4: Y = C(O)C2H4C(O); diNC-5: Y = trans-C(O)C2H2C(O)) was successfully synthesized by reaction of lithium 2-isocyanophenate (generated in situ from benzoxazole and n-BuLi) and a diacylic or phosphonic dichloride. The corresponding platinum(II) complexes of general formula
一系列新型二异氰酸酯配体(o -CNC 6 H 4 O)2 Y(diNC-1:Y = P(O)Ph; diNC-2:Y = o -C(O)C 6 H 4 C(O) ; diNC-3:Y = m -C(O)C 6 H 4 C(O); diNC-4:Y = C(O)C 2 H 4 C(O); diNC-5:Y =反式-C (O)C 2 H 2 C(O))是由2-异氰基锂(由苯并恶唑和n -BuLi原位生成)与二酰基或膦酸二氯化物反应成功合成的。相应的通式为[PtX 2的铂(II)配合物(diNC)]通过在起始[PtX 2(COD)]络合物中简单取代1,5-环辛二烯来分离1,2(X = Cl,Me; diNC =二异氰酸酯配体)。通过单晶X射线分析证实了复合物的结构,单核或双核。还可以得到具有(μ-diNC)[顺式-PtCl 2(PPh 3)] 2 }的双核配合物,该二核配合物具有刚性的富芳基
Intra- and Intermolecular Reactions of Indoles with Alkynes Catalyzed by Gold
作者:Catalina Ferrer、Catelijne H. M. Amijs、Antonio M. Echavarren
DOI:10.1002/chem.200601324
日期:2007.2.2
Indoles react intramolecularly with alkynes in the presence of gold catalysts to give fromsix- to eight-membered-ring annulated compounds. The cationic Au(I) complex [Au(PC(6)H(4)(o-Ph)}(tBu)(2))(NCMe)]SbF(6) is the best catalyst for the formation of six- and seven-membered rings by 6-endo-dig, 6-exo-dig, and 7-exo-dig cyclizations. Indoloazocines are selectively obtained with AuCl(3) as catalyst
By applying carbonyl compounds as sources of alkyl groups to the indium‐catalyzed reductive alkylation of indoles, a reliable and practical method capable of offering a wide range of alkylindoles with structural diversity has been developed. An important feature of this method is that the loading of the indium catalyst can be reduced by more than that of the original alkyne‐based system.