Inhibition of Cytosolic Phospholipase A2α: Hit to Lead Optimization
摘要:
Compound I was previously reported to be a potent inhibitor of cPLA,(x in both artificial monomeric substrate and cell-based assays. However, I was inactive in whole blood assays previously used to characterize cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase inhibitors. The IC(50) of 1 increased dramatically with cell number or lipid/detergent concentration. In an attempt to insert an electrophilic ketone between the indole and benzoic acid moieties, we discovered that increasing the distance between the two moieties gave a compound with activity in the GLU (7-hydroxycoumarinyl-gamma-linolenate) micelle assay, which contains lipid and detergent. Extensive structure-activity relationship work around this lead identified a potent pharmacophore for cPLA a inhibition. The IC(50)s between the GLU micelle and rat whole blood assays correlated highly. No correlation was found for other parameters, including lipophilicity or acidity of the required acid functionality. Compounds 25, 39, and 94 emerged as potent, selective inhibitors of cPLA(2)alpha and represent well-validated starting points for further optimization.
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activity of Potent and Orally Available G Protein-Coupled Receptor 40 Agonists
摘要:
G protein-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) is being recently considered to be a new potential drug target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes because of its role in the enhancement of free fatty acid-regulated glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic beta-cells. We initially identified benzyloxyphenylproparoic acid (1b) (EC50 = 510 nM), which was designed based on the structure of free fatty acids, as a promising lead compound with GPR40 agonist activity. Chemical modification of compound 1b led to the discovery of 3-{4-[(2',6'-dimethylbiphenyl-3-yl)methoxy]-2-fluorophenyl}propanoic acid (4p) as a potent GPR40 agonist (EC50 = 5,7 nM). Compound 4p exhibited acceptable pharmacokinetic profiles and significant glucose-lowering effects during an oral glucose tolerance test in diabetic rat;. Moreover, no hypoglycemic event was observed even after administration of a high dose of compound 4p to normal fasted rats. These pharmacological results suggest that GPR40 agonists might be novel glucose-dependent insulin secretagogues with little or no risk of hypoglycemia.
This invention provides substituted indole compounds of the general formula:
1
and pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms thereof, and methods for using the compounds as inhibitors of the activity of various phospholipase enzymes, particularly phospholipase A
2
enzymes, and for the medical treatment, prevention and inhibition of pain and inflammation.
3-Arylsulfanyl and 3-heteroarylsulfanyl substituted benzo[b]thiophenes as therapeutic agents
申请人:——
公开号:US20040248953A1
公开(公告)日:2004-12-09
The present invention provides benzo[b]thiophenes of Formula I:
1
wherein R
1
, R
2
, R
3
, and L have any of the values defined therefor in the specification, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, that are useful as agents in the treatment of diseases and conditions, including inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more compounds of Formula I.
Cycloalkylsulfanyl substituted benzo[b]thiophenes as therapeutic agents
申请人:——
公开号:US20040248954A1
公开(公告)日:2004-12-09
The present invention provides benzo[b]thiophenes of Formula I:
1
wherein R
1
, R
2
, R
3
, and L have any of the values defined therefor in the specification, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, that are useful as agents in the treatment of diseases and conditions, including inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more compounds of Formula I.
[EN] HALO SUBSTITUTED BENZO`B! THIOPHENES WITH PI3K INHIBITORY ACTIVITY AS THERAPEUTIC AGENTS<br/>[FR] BENZO[B]THIOPHENES HALO-SUBSTITUES A ACTIVITE INHIBITRICE DE PI3K UTILES COMME AGENTS THERAPEUTIQUES
申请人:WARNER LAMBERT CO
公开号:WO2005023800A1
公开(公告)日:2005-03-17
The present invention provides benzo[b]thiophenes of Formula (I), wherein R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, Y, and L have any of the values defined therefor in the specification, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, that are useful as agents in the treatment of diseases and conditions, including inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and cancers. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions comprising one or more compounds of Formula (I)
Methods for the use of inhibitors of cytosolic phospholipase A2 in the treatment of thrombosis
申请人:Clerin Valerie
公开号:US20080009485A1
公开(公告)日:2008-01-10
This invention provides methods for the use of substituted indole compounds of the general formula:
and pharmaceutically acceptable salt forms thereof. The invention provides methods for the use of the compounds in the treating or preventing thrombosis in a mammal, or preventing progression of symptoms of thrombosis.