Site-Selective C(sp3)–H Functionalization of Di-, Tri-, and Tetrapeptides at the N-Terminus
摘要:
Although the syntheses of novel and diverse peptides rely mainly on traditional coupling using unnatural amino acids, postsynthetic modification of peptides could provide a complementary method for the preparation of nonproteinogenic peptides. Site selectivity of postsynthetic modification of peptides is usually achieved by targeting reactive moieties, such as the thiol group of cysteine or the C-2 position of tryptophan. Herein, we report the development of site-selective functionalizations of inert C(sp(3))-H bonds of N-terminal amino acids in di-, tri-, and tetrapeptides without installing a directing group. The native amino acid moiety within the peptide is used as a ligand to accelerate the C-H activation reaction. In the long run, this newly uncovered reactivity could provide guidance for developing site-selective C(sp(3))-H activation toward postsynthetic modification of a broader range of peptides.
Palladium(II)-Catalyzed Site-Selective C(sp<sup>3</sup>
)−H Alkynylation of Oligopeptides: A Linchpin Approach for Oligopeptide-Drug Conjugation
作者:Tao Liu、Jennifer X. Qiao、Michael A. Poss、Jin-Quan Yu
DOI:10.1002/anie.201706367
日期:2017.8.28
C(sp3)−H alkynylation of oligopeptides was developed with tetrabutylammonium acetate as a key additive. Through molecular design, the acetylene motif served as a linchpin to introduce a broad range of carbonyl‐containing pharmacophores onto oligopeptides, thus providing a chemical tool for the synthesis and modification of novel oligopeptide–pharmacophore conjugates by C−H functionalization. Dipeptide
以乙酸四丁基铵为关键添加剂,开发了钯 (II) 催化的寡肽 C(sp 3 )−H 炔基化反应。通过分子设计,乙炔基序作为关键,将多种含羰基的药效团引入到寡肽上,从而为通过CH官能化合成和修饰新型寡肽-药效团缀合物提供了化学工具。通过该方法合成了与粪甾烷醇和雌二醇的二肽缀合物,其在向核激素受体过度表达的肿瘤细胞靶向药物递送方面具有潜在的应用。
Facile synthesis of 4-arylidene-5-imidazolinones as synthetic analogs of fluorescent protein chromophore
A facile and effective synthesis for a wide variety of 4-arylidene-5-imidazolinone derivatives was developed. 4-Arylidene-5-oxazolinones were prepared by Erlenmeyer azlactone synthesis from N-acylglycines and arylaldehydes. The ring-opening reactions of the 4-arylidene-5-oxazolinones with primary amines afforded 2-acylamino-3-arylacrylamides in excellent yields. A new dehydrative cyclization of the
Although the syntheses of novel and diverse peptides rely mainly on traditional coupling using unnatural amino acids, postsynthetic modification of peptides could provide a complementary method for the preparation of nonproteinogenic peptides. Site selectivity of postsynthetic modification of peptides is usually achieved by targeting reactive moieties, such as the thiol group of cysteine or the C-2 position of tryptophan. Herein, we report the development of site-selective functionalizations of inert C(sp(3))-H bonds of N-terminal amino acids in di-, tri-, and tetrapeptides without installing a directing group. The native amino acid moiety within the peptide is used as a ligand to accelerate the C-H activation reaction. In the long run, this newly uncovered reactivity could provide guidance for developing site-selective C(sp(3))-H activation toward postsynthetic modification of a broader range of peptides.