Structurally Simple Inhibitors of Lanosterol 14α-Demethylase Are Efficacious In a Rodent Model of Acute Chagas Disease
摘要:
We report structure-activity studies of a large number of dialkyl imidazoles as inhibitors of Trypanosoma cruzi lanosterol-14 alpha-demethylase (L14DM). The compounds have a simple structure compared to posaconazole, another L14DM inhibitor that is an anti-Chagas drug candidate. Several compounds display potency for killing T cruzi amastigotes in vitro with values of EC50 in the 0.4-10 nM range. Two compounds were selected for efficacy studies in a mouse model of acute Chagas disease. At oral doses of 20-50 mg/kg given after establishment of parasite infection, the compounds reduced parasitemia in the blood to undetectable levels, and analysis of remaining parasites by PCR revealed a lack of parasites in the majority of animals. These dialkyl imidazoles are substantially less expensive to produce than posaconazole and are appropriate for further development toward an anti-Chagas disease clinical candidate.
Photo-Aryl Coupling and Related Reactions. II. The Formation of Triphenylenes from Halogeno-<i>o</i>-terphenyls
作者:Takeo Sato、Shigeru Shimada、Kazuo Hata
DOI:10.1246/bcsj.42.766
日期:1969.3
Electronic effects on the photochemicalconversion of o-terphenyl to triphenylene were examined by comparing the ultraviolet irraiation reaction, carried out in a benzene solution using iodine as an oxidant, of three classes of o-terphenyl derivatives, 4- (3) and 4′-substituted (4) and 4,4″-disubstituted derivatives (5). While a strong electron-withdrawing group such as nitro group, hindered the cyclization
The reactions between 1,2-bis(diethylamino)-2,3-dinitro-1,3-butadiene, easily obtainable by ring-opening of 3,4-dinitrothiophene with diethylamine, and arylmethylmagnesium chlorides in THF at 0 degreesC furnished good yields of (E,E,E)-1,6-diaryl-3-nitro-1,3,5-hexatrienes. To explain the formation of the hexatrienes, a mechanism is advanced which involves, in particular, tautomerisation of the intermediate 1,6-diaryl-3,4-dinitro-2,4-hexadienes followed by base-induced elimination of nitrous acid. The electrocyclic disrotatory conversion of the hexatrienes into the corresponding 5,6-diaryl-2-nitro-1,3-cyclohexadienes was analysed by H-1 NMR spectroscopy and exploited for the high-yielding synthesis of 1,2-diaryl-4-nitrobenzenes employing, as oxidants, either DDQ or iodine in the presence of cyclohexene oxide as HI scavenger. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
IBUKI EHCHI; OZASA SHIGERU; EUJIOKA YASUHIRO; KITAMURA HIROHIKO, CHEM. AND PHARM. BULL., 1980, 28, NO 5, 1468-1476