The Study of the Kinetics of Intramolecular Radical Cyclizations of Acylsilanes via the Intramolecular Competition Method
摘要:
The kinetics of the radical cyclizations of acylsilanes is probed by the construction of an intramolecular competition system. In this system, known rate constants of olefin cyclizations are used as the internal clock. At-benzene reflux temperature (80 degrees C), the cyclization rate constants for 5-exo cyclizations of acylsilanes with primary radicals are on the order of 10(6) s(-1). The corresponding rate constants for 5-exo cyclizations with secondary radicals and 6-exo cyclizations with primary radicals lie on the order of 10(5) s(-1). The 6-exo cyclizations of acylsilanes with secondary radicals are slower and fall in the range of 10(4) s(-1). Substituents on the silicon of the acylsilanes affect the rates of cyclization. Large silyl groups reduce the rate, and this is more serious for the g-exo type of cyclizations. Electron-withdrawing groups increase the rates of cyclization.
The Scope and Limitations of Intramolecular Radical Cyclizations of Acylsilanes with Alkyl, Aryl, and Vinyl Radicals
摘要:
5-Exo cyclizations of primary and secondary radicals with acylsilanes successfully give cyclopentyl silyl ethers. The corresponding 6-exo cyclizations are sensitive to changes of the size of silyl groups. Secondary radicals undergo 6-exo cyclizations with acylsilanes more slowly. Reaction of aryl radical with acylsilane proceeds well for 5-exo cyclization but not for 6-exo cyclization. Vinyl radicals give best results in 5-exo cyclizations with acylsilanes but give low yields (similar to 30%) in 6-exo cyclizations. Intramolecular cyclizations of vinyl radicals with acylsilanes give enol silyl ethers regiospecifically.