[EN] ORALLY AVAILABLE SPHINGOSINE 1-PHOSPHATE RECEPTOR AGONISTS AND ANTAGONISTS [FR] AGONISTES ET ANTAGONISTES DU RECEPTEUR DE LA SPHINGOSINE-1-PHOSPHATE POUVANT ETRE PRIS PAR VOIE ORALE
Studies on scavenger receptor inhibitors. Part 1: synthesis and structure–activity relationships of novel derivatives of sulfatides
摘要:
Scavenger receptors have been proven to be implicated in the formation of atherosclerotic lesions. A series of novel derivatives of sulfatides were synthesized, and their inhibitory activities against incorporation of Dil-acetyl-LDL into macrophages were evaluated in order to clarify the structure-activity relationships of sulfatides as a scavenger receptor inhibitor and find out novel inhibitors with synthetic easiness. The chemical modification of the substructures of sulfatides led to the establishment of the following structure-activity relationships (1) the ceramide moiety can be replaced with another structure bearing two long chains, (2) the galactose moiety can be replaced with another structure or be deleted without a large decrease in the inhibitory activity, (3) the sulfate moiety was crucial, and it was the most preferable functional group for a potent inhibitory activity. The inhibitory activity of (S)-2-octadecanoylamino-2-tetradecylcarbamoyl)ethyl sulfate sodium salt (3a) against incorporation of Dil-acetyl-LDL into macrophages was proven to be based on the inhibition against the binding of acetyl-LDL to the surface of macrophages. We discovered novel scavenger receptor inhibitors with synthetic easiness, such as (S)-2-octadecanoylamino-2-(tetradccylcarbamoyl)ethyl sulfate sodium salt (3a) and 2-octadecanoylamino-1-(octadecanoylaminomethyl)ethyl sulfate sodium salt (13q). (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Synthesis of para-Alkyl aryl amide analogues of sphingosine-1-phosphate: discovery of potent S1P receptor agonists
作者:Jeremy J. Clemens、Michael D. Davis、Kevin R. Lynch、Timothy L. Macdonald
DOI:10.1016/s0960-894x(03)00812-6
日期:2003.10
Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a biologically active lysophospholipid with the capacity to induce a broad range of cellular responses via its interaction with the S1P family of G-protein coupled receptors. This report describes the synthesis of several potent S1P receptor agonists. For instance, compound 9c displayed an EC50=8.6 nM at the S1P(1) receptor using a [gamma-S-35]GTP binding assay as compared to an EC50=4.5 nM for the endogenous ligand. We also report the effects associated with introduction of a phenyl ring between the 'linker' and 'lipophilic tail' regions of the analogues, for example total loss of activity at S1P(2) and increased agonism at S1P(5). (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.