Mitochondrial demise is a key feature of progressive neuronal death contributing to acute and chronic neurological disorders. Recent studies identified a pivotal role for the BH3-only protein B-cell lymphoma-2 interacting domain death antagonist (Bid) for such mitochondrial damage and delayed neuronal death after oxygen-glucose deprivation, glutamate-induced excitotoxicity, or oxidative stress in vitro and after cerebral ischemia in vivo. Therefore, we developed new N -phenyl–substituted thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives as potent inhibitors of Bid-dependent neurotoxicity. The new compounds 6, 7, and 16 were identified as highly protective by extensive screening in a model of glutamate toxicity in immortalized mouse hippocampal neurons (HT-22 cells). These compounds significantly prevent truncated Bid–induced toxicity in the neuronal cell line, providing strong evidence that inhibition of Bid was the underlying mechanism of the observed protective effects. Furthermore, Bid-dependent hallmarks of mitochondrial dysfunction, such as loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP depletion, as well as impairments in mitochondrial respiration, are significantly prevented by compounds 6, 7, and 16. Therefore, the present study identifies a class of N -phenyl thiazolidinediones as novel Bid-inhibiting neuroprotective agents that provide promising therapeutic perspectives for neurodegenerative diseases, in which Bid-mediated mitochondrial damage and associated intrinsic death pathways contribute to the underlying progressive loss of neurons.
线粒体死亡是导致急性和慢性神经系统疾病的渐进性神经元死亡的一个关键特征。最近的研究发现,纯
BH3 蛋白 B 细胞淋巴瘤-2 交互结构域死亡
拮抗剂(Bid)在体外
氧-
葡萄糖剥夺、谷
氨酸诱导的兴奋毒性或
氧化应激以及体内脑缺血后的线粒体损伤和延缓神经元死亡中起着关键作用。因此,我们开发了新的 N-
苯基取代
噻唑烷-
2,4-二
酮衍
生物,作为 Bid 依赖性神经毒性的强效
抑制剂。在永生化小鼠海马神经元(HT-22 细胞)谷
氨酸毒性模型中,通过广泛筛选,确定了新化合物 6、7 和 16 具有高度保护作用。这些化合物能明显防止截短 Bid 诱导的神经元
细胞系毒性,有力地证明了抑制 Bid 是观察到的保护作用的基本机制。此外,Bid 依赖性线粒体功能障碍的特征,如线粒体膜电位丧失、
ATP 耗竭以及线粒体呼吸障碍,都能被化合物 6、7 和 16 明显阻止。因此,本研究发现了一类 N-
苯基
噻唑烷二
酮类化合物,它们是新型的 Bid 抑制神经保护剂,为神经退行性疾病的治疗提供了广阔的前景,在神经退行性疾病中,Bid 介导的线粒体损伤和相关的内在死亡途径是神经元逐渐丧失的根本原因。