申请人:Merck Patent Gesellschaft mit beschrankter Haftung
公开号:US05045229A1
公开(公告)日:1991-09-03
Difluoromethylene compounds of the formula I R.sup.1 --(A.sup.1 --Z.sup.1).sub.m --A.sup.2 --Q--CF.sub.2 --(A.sup.3 --Z.sup.2).sub.n --A.sup.4 --R.sup.2 I in which R.sup.1, R.sup.2, A.sup.1, A.sup.2, A.sup.3, A.sup.4, Z.sup.1, Z.sup.2, m and n are as defined herein and Q is --CO--, --O-- or --S--, can be used as components of liquid-crystalline media for liquid-crystal and electrooptical display elements.
An Aerobic and Very Fast Pd/C-Catalyzed Ligand-Free and Aqueous Suzuki Reaction Under Mild Conditions
作者:Chun Liu、Xiaofeng Rao、Yixia Zhang、Xinmin Li、Jieshan Qiu、Zilin Jin
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.201300334
日期:2013.7
An aerobic, ligand-free Suzukireaction catalyzed by Pd/C in aqueous media has been developed. This method is a very simple, efficient and mild protocol for the cross-coupling of aryl bromides with arylboronic acids, and the reactions proceeded smoothly in excellent yields within short reaction times. Control experiments demonstrated that the Pd/C-cata