atrolactic acid dimethylamide | 139040-85-0

• 分子结构分类: 有机化合物 - 苯类化合物 - 苯和取代衍生物
• 英文名称: atrolactic acid dimethylamide
• 英文别名: 2-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyl-2-phenylpropanamide
• CAS: 139040-85-0
• 化学式: C₁₁H₁₅NO₂
• 分子量: 193.246
• InChiKey: LTUFTIYHAJDZAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N

计算性质

• 辛醇/水分配系数(LogP)：
  1
• 重原子数：
  14
• 可旋转键数：
  2
• 环数：
  1.0
• sp3杂化的碳原子比例：
  0.36
• 拓扑面积：
  40.5
• 氢给体数：
  1
• 氢受体数：
  2

反应信息

• 作为反应物：
  描述：

  atrolactic acid dimethylamide 、 三氟乙酸酐 在 2,6-二甲基吡啶 作用下， 以 乙醚 为溶剂， 反应 0.25h， 生成 [1-(Dimethylamino)-1-oxo-2-phenylpropan-2-yl] 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Solvolytic elimination reactions of tertiary .alpha.-CSNMe2-substituted systems

  摘要：

  The tertiary benzylic alpha-CSNMe2-substituted p-nitrobenzoates and trifluoroacetates of general structure Ar(CH3)C(CSNMe2)(OCOR), 7 and 8, solvolyze to give exclusively elimination products H2C = C(CSNMe2)Ar. A Hammett study gave a nonlinear correlation. Variation in rate with solvent ionizing power was small for the unsubstituted trifluoroacetate derivative of 8, and the beta-CD3 isotope effect on rate was negligible. There is, however, a large isotope effect (2.5-2.8) in formation of the elimination product when Ph(CH2D)C(CSNMe2)(OCOCF3) solvolyzes. It is concluded that an intermediate must be involved since the product-determining step and the rate-determining step have differing isotope effects. The likely intermediate is an alpha-CSNMe2-substituted cation (as an ion pair), despite the fact that the reaction has few characteristics of a typical E1 reaction. Tertiary norbornyl, cyclohexyl, and 2-propyl alpha-CSNMe2-substituted systems also react to give exclusively elimination products at rates far in excess of alpha-CONMe2 analogues. It is suggested that alpha-CSNMe2 cations are also intermediates and that these cations undergo proton loss at an early ion pair stage. These cations are proposed to derive substantial stabilization by charge delocalization onto sulfur of the thiocarbonyl group. By way of contrast, the secondary system CH3CH(CSNMe2)(OCOCF3), 25, solvolyzes to give mainly a rearranged product CH3CH(CONMe2)(SCOCH3) via a k(DELTA) mechanism involving neighboring thiocarbonyl participation leading to a cyclized ion.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jo00032a051
• 作为产物：
  描述：

  DL-阿卓乳酸半水物 在 N,N'-二环己基碳二亚胺 作用下， 以 四氢呋喃 、 乙酸乙酯 为溶剂， 反应 9.0h， 生成 atrolactic acid dimethylamide
  参考文献：
  名称：

  Solvolytic elimination reactions of tertiary .alpha.-CSNMe2-substituted systems

  摘要：

  The tertiary benzylic alpha-CSNMe2-substituted p-nitrobenzoates and trifluoroacetates of general structure Ar(CH3)C(CSNMe2)(OCOR), 7 and 8, solvolyze to give exclusively elimination products H2C = C(CSNMe2)Ar. A Hammett study gave a nonlinear correlation. Variation in rate with solvent ionizing power was small for the unsubstituted trifluoroacetate derivative of 8, and the beta-CD3 isotope effect on rate was negligible. There is, however, a large isotope effect (2.5-2.8) in formation of the elimination product when Ph(CH2D)C(CSNMe2)(OCOCF3) solvolyzes. It is concluded that an intermediate must be involved since the product-determining step and the rate-determining step have differing isotope effects. The likely intermediate is an alpha-CSNMe2-substituted cation (as an ion pair), despite the fact that the reaction has few characteristics of a typical E1 reaction. Tertiary norbornyl, cyclohexyl, and 2-propyl alpha-CSNMe2-substituted systems also react to give exclusively elimination products at rates far in excess of alpha-CONMe2 analogues. It is suggested that alpha-CSNMe2 cations are also intermediates and that these cations undergo proton loss at an early ion pair stage. These cations are proposed to derive substantial stabilization by charge delocalization onto sulfur of the thiocarbonyl group. By way of contrast, the secondary system CH3CH(CSNMe2)(OCOCF3), 25, solvolyzes to give mainly a rearranged product CH3CH(CONMe2)(SCOCH3) via a k(DELTA) mechanism involving neighboring thiocarbonyl participation leading to a cyclized ion.

  DOI：

  10.1021/jo00032a051

文献信息

• Isothiourea‐Catalyzed Acylative Kinetic Resolution of Tertiary α‐Hydroxy Esters
  作者：Shen Qu、Samuel M. Smith、Víctor Laina‐Martín、Rifahath M. Neyyappadath、Mark D. Greenhalgh、Andrew D. Smith

  DOI：10.1002/anie.202004354

  日期：2020.9.14

  acylative kinetic resolution (KR) of acyclic tertiary alcohols has been developed. Selectivity factors of up to 200 were achieved for the KR of tertiary alcohols bearing an adjacent ester substituent, with both reaction conversion and enantioselectivity found to be sensitive to the steric and electronic environment at the stereogenic tertiary carbinol centre. For more sterically congested alcohols

  已开发出高度对映选择性的异硫脲催化的无环叔醇的酰基动力学拆分（KR）。对于带有相邻酯取代基的叔醇的KR，选择性因子高达200，反应转化率和对映体选择性均对立体异构叔丁醇中心的空间和电子环境敏感。对于空间上更拥挤的醇，最合适的方法是使用最新开发的异硒脲催化剂，对映选择性相当，但与异硫脲HyperBTM相比，转化率更高。非对映体酰化过渡态模型被提出以合理化此过程中对映歧化的起源。