PdII-Catalyzed Di-o-olefination of Carbazoles Directed by the Protecting N-(2-Pyridyl)sulfonyl Group
摘要:
Despite the significance of carbazole in pharmacy and material science, examples of the direct C-H functionalization of this privileged unit are quite rare. The N-(2-pyridyl)sulfonyl group enables the Pd-II-catalyzed ortho-olefination of carbazoles and related systems, acting as both a directing and readily removable protecting group. This method features ample structural versatility, affording typically the double ortho-olefination products (at Cl and C8) in satisfactory yields and complete regiocontrol. The application of this procedure to related heterocyclic systems, such as indoline, is also described.
Selective mono- and dialkenylation of N-acetylcarbazoles was achieved by using Cp*Rh(III)- and CpERh(III)-catalysts, respectively. Unexpectedly, the dialkenylation was accompanied by the removal of acetyl directing group to produce 1,8-dialkenyl-N-H-carbazoles.
N-乙酰咔唑的选择性单烯基化和二烯基化分别通过使用 Cp*Rh(III)- 和 Cp E Rh(III)- 催化剂实现。出乎意料的是,二烯基化伴随着乙酰基导向基团的去除,产生 1,8-二烯基-N -H-咔唑。