AbstractThe recently introduced pillar[n]arenes have provided chemists with receptors that, when incorporated into materials, confer unique properties upon them. The symmetrical rims and cylindrical shape of pillar[5]arene begs the question—can these pillar‐like receptors be linked covalently end‐to‐end in order to create tubular structures by a growth‐from‐template approach? In our efforts to produce these one‐dimensional extended structures, we have developed a new method of functionalizing pillar[5]arene in which one of the five hydroquinone units is converted into a diaminobenzoquinone analogue. The resulting diaminopillar[5]arene derivative, which undergoes a stereochemical inversion process that is slow on the 1H NMR timescale, can be chemically modified yet further in a direction that is orthogonal to the plane of its methylene bridging carbons through the formation of oxazole heterocycles. This strategy has been employed to create rigid oligomers that resemble one‐dimensional tubular arrays. As a proof‐of‐principle, a rigid pillar[5]arene dimer has been isolated and characterized in the solution state as a 1:1 complex with an extended viologen for which it acts as a receptor.
AbstractThe recently introduced pillar[n]arenes have provided chemists with receptors that, when incorporated into materials, confer unique properties upon them. The symmetrical rims and cylindrical shape of pillar[5]arene begs the question—can these pillar‐like receptors be linked covalently end‐to‐end in order to create tubular structures by a growth‐from‐template approach? In our efforts to produce these one‐dimensional extended structures, we have developed a new method of functionalizing pillar[5]arene in which one of the five hydroquinone units is converted into a diaminobenzoquinone analogue. The resulting diaminopillar[5]arene derivative, which undergoes a stereochemical inversion process that is slow on the 1H NMR timescale, can be chemically modified yet further in a direction that is orthogonal to the plane of its methylene bridging carbons through the formation of oxazole heterocycles. This strategy has been employed to create rigid oligomers that resemble one‐dimensional tubular arrays. As a proof‐of‐principle, a rigid pillar[5]arene dimer has been isolated and characterized in the solution state as a 1:1 complex with an extended viologen for which it acts as a receptor.
Stereochemical inversion in difunctionalised pillar[5]arenes
作者:Nathan L. Strutt、Severin T. Schneebeli、J. Fraser Stoddart
DOI:10.1080/10610278.2013.822973
日期:2013.9.18
Pillar[5]arenes constitute a class of macrocycles which display planar chirality on account of the methylene bridges that link five disubstituted para-phenylene rings together. Dynamic H-1 NMR spectroscopy indicates that A1/A2-dihydroxypillar[5]arene undergoes conformational inversion between its enantiomers with an energy barrier of 11.9kcalmol(-1). This process involving an oxygen-through-the-annulus rotation by all five hydroquinone rings is associated with the breaking of two intramolecular hydrogen bonds between phenolic hydroxyl and methoxyl groups on neighbouring phenylene rings. A combination of molecular mechanics and quantum mechanical calculations reveals that the conformational inversion undergone by A1/A2-dihyroxypillar[5]arene involves the breaking of one of these hydrogen bonds in the rate-limiting step of the process. Not only does the calculated energy of activation (13.8kcalmol(-1)) using density functional theory agree well with the experimentally determined value (13.0 kcal mol(-1)), it also leads to the identification of the lowest energy pseudorotational pathway involving four intermediates and five transition states. While replacing the two hydroxyl groups in A1/A2-dihydroxypillar[5]arene with carbonyl groups leads to much more rapid conformational inversion, placing bromine atoms ortho to the two phenolic hydroxyl groups increases the strength of the intramolecular hydrogen bonds, raising the energy barrier to inversion by 3.9kcalmol(-1).
Amino-Functionalized Pillar[5]arene
作者:Nathan L. Strutt、Huacheng Zhang、Severin T. Schneebeli、J. Fraser Stoddart
DOI:10.1002/chem.201403235
日期:2014.8.25
AbstractThe recently introduced pillar[n]arenes have provided chemists with receptors that, when incorporated into materials, confer unique properties upon them. The symmetrical rims and cylindrical shape of pillar[5]arene begs the question—can these pillar‐like receptors be linked covalently end‐to‐end in order to create tubular structures by a growth‐from‐template approach? In our efforts to produce these one‐dimensional extended structures, we have developed a new method of functionalizing pillar[5]arene in which one of the five hydroquinone units is converted into a diaminobenzoquinone analogue. The resulting diaminopillar[5]arene derivative, which undergoes a stereochemical inversion process that is slow on the 1H NMR timescale, can be chemically modified yet further in a direction that is orthogonal to the plane of its methylene bridging carbons through the formation of oxazole heterocycles. This strategy has been employed to create rigid oligomers that resemble one‐dimensional tubular arrays. As a proof‐of‐principle, a rigid pillar[5]arene dimer has been isolated and characterized in the solution state as a 1:1 complex with an extended viologen for which it acts as a receptor.