cyclization protocol employing cobalt nitrate and 1,2‐dichloroethane to produce substituted 1H‐1,2,4‐triazoles. Notably, 1,2‐dichloroethane serves both the solvent and a hydrogen source for transfer hydrogenation. This methodology works under mild conditions, providing a direct approach for the synthesis of 1H‐1,2,4‐triazoles.
An Electrochemical Way to Generate Amphiphiles from Hydrazones for the Synthesis of 1,2,4‐Triazole Scaffold Cyclic Compounds
作者:Wangyu Li、Mingteng Xiong、Xiao Liang、Dungai Wang、Heping Zhu、Yuanjiang Pan
DOI:10.1002/open.202100268
日期:2022.1
Electrochemically forming amphiphiles, hydrazones were chosen as bifunctional reagents analogous to 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. About 70 1,2,4-triazoles have been prepared in moderate to high yields, testifying to the validity and practicality of this strategy. This approach can also be conducted as a one-pot reaction without intermediate treatments for the construction of 1,2,4-triazoles by using phenylhydrazines
Cobalt-catalyzed cascade C–N and C–O bond formation of epoxides with hydrazones is described to furnish oxadiazines using air as an oxidant. The catalyst plays a dual role as a Lewis acid followed by a redox catalyst to accomplish the C–H/O–H cyclization. Optically active styreneoxide can be reacted enantiospecifically (>99% ee).
Electrochemical Synthesis of Pyrazolines and Pyrazoles via [3+2] Dipolar Cycloaddition
作者:Martin Linden、Silja Hofmann、Antonia Herman、Nicole Ehler、Robin M. Bär、Siegfried R. Waldvogel
DOI:10.1002/anie.202214820
日期:2023.2.20
Electrochemically initiated [32] cycloaddition reactions of readily available and less toxic starting materials enable a facile synthesis of pyrazolines and pyrazoles. Application of a biphasic system and sodium iodide in a dual role as mediator and electrolyte allows for selective reactions with outstanding robustness towards scalability.
Diaryl Hydrazones as Multifunctional Inhibitors of Amyloid Self-Assembly
作者:Béla Török、Abha Sood、Seema Bag、Rekha Tulsan、Sanjukta Ghosh、Dmitry Borkin、Arleen R. Kennedy、Michelle Melanson、Richard Madden、Weihong Zhou、Harry LeVine、Marianna Török
DOI:10.1021/bi3012059
日期:2013.2.19
The design and application of an effective, new class of multifunctional small molecule inhibitors of amyloid self-assembly are described. Several compounds based on the diaryl hydrazone scaffold were designed. Forty-four substituted derivatives of this core structure were synthesized using a variety of benzaldehydes and phenylhydrazines and characterized. The inhibitor candidates were evaluated in multiple assays, including the inhibition of amyloid beta (A beta) fibrillogenesis and oligomer formation and the reverse processes, the disassembly of preformed fibrils and oligomers. Because the structure of the hydrazone-based inhibitors mimics the redox features of the antioxidant resveratrol, the radical scavenging effect of the compounds was evaluated by colorimetric assays against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and superoxide radicals. The hydrazone scaffold was active in all of the different assays. The structure-activity relationship revealed that the substituents on the aromatic rings had a considerable effect on the overall activity of the compounds. The inhibitors showed strong activity in fibrillogenesis inhibition and disassembly, and even greater potency in the inhibition of oligomer formation and oligomer disassembly. Supporting the quantitative fluorometric and colorimetric assays, size exclusion chromatographic studies indicated that the best compounds practically eliminated or substantially inhibited the formation of soluble, aggregated A beta species, as well. Atomic force microscopy was also applied to monitor the morphology of A beta deposits. The compounds also possessed the predicted antioxidant properties; approximately 30% of the synthesized compounds showed a radical scavenging effect equal to or better than that of resveratrol or ascorbic acid.