我们实现了七个立体异构体的1-合成的C n -使用催化不对称烷基化和Negishi偶联作为关键反应丁基-L- iminofuranose衍生物。基于这些关键反应的合成策略非常有用,因为可以通过切换用于AAA反应的配体的手性来获得α-和β-亚氨基呋喃糖。对α-和β-异构体的常用中间体进行进一步处理,以在C2和C3处安装一个二醇单元,以得到所需的L-亚氨基呋喃糖衍生物的立体异构体。我们实现了1- Cn-的所有立体异构体的制备丁基-L-亚氨基呋喃糖衍生物,但β-lyxo型亚氨基呋喃糖除外。值得注意的是,开发了亚氨基呋喃糖衍生物的许多立体异构体的合成途径。不幸的是,所获得的L-亚氨基呋喃糖酶均未显示出对所检查的α-糖苷酶的抑制活性,例如,麦芽糖酶,蔗糖酶和异麦芽糖酶。
The synthesis and biological evaluation of 1-C-alkyl-l-arabinoiminofuranoses, a novel class of α-glucosidase inhibitors
摘要:
The asymmetric synthesis of 1-C-alkyl-L-arabinoiminofuranoses 1 was achieved by asymmetric allylic alkylation (AAA), ring closing metathesis (RCM), and Negishi cross coupling as key reactions. Some of the prepared compounds showed potent inhibitory activities towards intestinal maltase, with IC50 values comparable to those of commercial drugs such as acarbose, voglibose, and miglitol, which are used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Among them, the inhibitory activity (IC50 = 0.032 mu M) towards intestinal sucrase of 1c was quite strong compared to the above commercial drugs. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
α-1-<i>C</i>-Butyl-1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-<scp>l</scp>-arabinitol as a Second-Generation Iminosugar-Based Oral α-Glucosidase Inhibitor for Improving Postprandial Hyperglycemia
We report on the synthesis and the biological evaluation of a series of alpha-1-C-alkylated 1,4-dideoxy-1,4-imino-L-arabinitol (LAB) derivatives. The asymmetric synthesis of the derivatives was achieved by asymmetric allylic alkylation, ring-closing metathesis, and Negishi cross-coupling as key reactions. alpha-1-C-Butyl-LAB is a potent inhibitor of intestinal maltase, isomaltase, and sucrase, with IC50 values of 0.13, 4.7, and 0.032 mu M, respectively. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometric analysis revealed that this compound differs from miglitol in that it does not influence oligosaccharide processing and the maturation of glycoproteins. A molecular docking study of maltase-glucoamylase suggested that the interaction modes and the orientations of alpha-1-C-butyl-LAB and miglitol are clearly different. Furthermore, a-l-C-butyl-LAB strongly suppressed postprandial hyperglycemia at an early phase, similar to miglitol in vivo. It is noteworthy that the effective dose was about 10-fold lower than that for miglitol. alpha-1-C-Butyl-LAB therefore represents a new class of promising compounds that can improve postprandial hyperglycemia.
[EN] AGENT FOR AMELIORATING POSTPRANDIAL HYPERGLYCEMIA, AND PYRROLIDINE IMINOSUGAR OR SALT THEREOF<br/>[FR] AGENT PERMETTANT D'AMÉLIORER L'HYPERGLYCÉMIE POST-PRANDIALE ET IMINOSUCRE DE PYRROLIDINE OU SEL DE CELUI-CI