Melanoma accounts for the majority of skin cancer deaths. About 50% of all melanomas are associated with BRAF mutations. BRAF mutations are classified into three classes with regard to dependency on RAF dimerization and RAS signaling. The most frequently occurring class I BRAF V600 mutations are sensitive to vemurafenib whereas class II and class III mutants, non-V600 BRAF mutants are resistant to vemurafenib. Herein we report six pyrimido[4,5-d]pyrimidin-2-one derivatives possessing highly potent anti-proliferative activities on melanoma cells harboring BRAF class I/II/III mutants. Novel and most potent derivative, SIJ1777, possesses not only two-digit nanomolar potency but also 2 to 14-fold enhanced anti-proliferative activities compared with reference compound, GNF-7 against melanoma cells (SK-MEL-2, SK-MEL-28, A375, WM3670, WM3629). Moreover, SIJ1777 substantially inhibits the activation of MEK, ERK, and AKT and remarkably induces apoptosis and significantly blocks migration, invasion, and anchorage-independent growth of melanoma cells harboring BRAF class I/II/II mutations while both vemurafenib and PLX8394 have little to no effects on melanoma cells expressing BRAF class II/III mutations. Taken together, our six GNF-7 derivatives exhibit highly potent activities against melanoma cells harboring class I/II/III BRAF mutations compared with vemurafenib as well as PLX8394.
黑色素瘤是皮肤癌死亡的主要原因。约50%的
黑色素瘤与BRAF突变相关。BRAF突变根据对RAF二聚化和RAS信号的依赖性分为三类。最常见的I类BRAF V600突变对维姆拉芬尼敏感,而II类和III类突变,即非V600 BRAF突变对维姆拉芬尼具有抗药性。本文报道了六种
嘧啶并[4,5-d]
嘧啶-2-酮衍
生物,具有高度有效的抗
黑色素瘤细胞增殖活性,携带BRAF I / II / III突变。新颖而最有效的衍
生物SIJ1777不仅具有两位数纳摩尔的有效性,而且与参考化合物GNF-7相比,在
黑色素瘤细胞(SK-ME
L-2,SK-ME
L-28,A375,WM3670,WM3629)上具有2至14倍的增强抗增殖活性。此外,SIJ1777显着抑制MEK,ERK和AKT的活化,并显着诱导细胞凋亡,并显著阻止携带BRAF I / II / III突变的
黑色素瘤细胞的迁移,侵袭和无定形生长,而维姆拉芬尼和PLX8394对表达BRAF II / III突变的
黑色素瘤细胞几乎没有影响。综上所述,我们的六种GNF-7衍
生物与维姆拉芬尼以及PLX8394相比,在携带I / II / III类BRAF突变的
黑色素瘤细胞中表现出高效活性。