DDQ / H +系统易于将各种电子供体氧化,氧化电位高达1.7 V,可氧化成相应的阳离子自由基。使用DDQ / H +和常用的FeCl 3作为氧化剂对Scholl反应中有争议的氢离子与阳离子自由基机理的重新检验,使我们证明反应主要是通过阳离子自由基机理进行的。支持Scholl反应的阳离子自由基途径的重要实验证据包括:(i)在二氯甲烷和各种酸(10%v / v)的混合物中,Scholl前体中没有反应。(ii)必须使用强氧化剂,例如氯化铁(FeCl 3)或DDQ / H +考虑到二氢中间体的芳构化(通过芳烃离子机理形成)可以很容易地用相当弱的氧化剂(例如碘或空气)来完成,因此Scholl反应与芳烃离子机理不一致。(iii)与SCE相比,氧化电位≤1.7V的各种Scholl前体易于形成DDQ / H +作为氧化剂的C-C氧化键,而与SCE相比,氧化电位大于1.7 V的Scholl前体则不会发生
DDQ / H +系统易于将各种电子供体氧化,氧化电位高达1.7 V,可氧化成相应的阳离子自由基。使用DDQ / H +和常用的FeCl 3作为氧化剂对Scholl反应中有争议的氢离子与阳离子自由基机理的重新检验,使我们证明反应主要是通过阳离子自由基机理进行的。支持Scholl反应的阳离子自由基途径的重要实验证据包括:(i)在二氯甲烷和各种酸(10%v / v)的混合物中,Scholl前体中没有反应。(ii)必须使用强氧化剂,例如氯化铁(FeCl 3)或DDQ / H +考虑到二氢中间体的芳构化(通过芳烃离子机理形成)可以很容易地用相当弱的氧化剂(例如碘或空气)来完成,因此Scholl反应与芳烃离子机理不一致。(iii)与SCE相比,氧化电位≤1.7V的各种Scholl前体易于形成DDQ / H +作为氧化剂的C-C氧化键,而与SCE相比,氧化电位大于1.7 V的Scholl前体则不会发生
We report nickel-catalyzed cross-coupling of methoxyarenes with alkylmagnesium halides, in which a methoxy group is eliminated. A wide range of alkyl groups, including those bearing β-hydrogens, can be introduced directly at the ipso position of anisole derivatives. We demonstrate that the robustness of a methoxy group allows this alkylation protocol to be used to synthesize elaborate molecules by
我们报告了镍催化的甲氧基芳烃与烷基卤化镁的交叉偶联,其中甲氧基被消除。广泛的烷基,包括那些带有 β-氢的烷基,可以直接在苯甲醚衍生物的 ipso 位置引入。我们证明甲氧基的稳健性允许该烷基化方案通过将其与传统的交叉偶联反应或氧化转化相结合来合成复杂的分子。这种方法的成功取决于使用烷基碘化镁,而不是氯化物或溴化物,这突出了卤化物在使用格氏试剂进行催化反应中的重要性。
Evaluation of the Synthetic Scope and the Reaction Pathways of Proton‐Coupled Electron Transfer with Redox‐Active Guanidines in C−H Activation Processes
Proton‐coupledelectrontransfer (PCET) is currently intensively studied because of its importance in synthetic chemistry and biology. In recent years it was shown that redox‐active guanidines are capable PCET reagents for the selective oxidation of organic molecules. In this work, the scope of their PCET reactivity regarding reactions that involve C−H activation is explored and kinetic studies carried
Oxidative C−C Bond Formation (Scholl Reaction) with DDQ as an Efficient and Easily Recyclable Oxidant
作者:Linyi Zhai、Ruchi Shukla、Rajendra Rathore
DOI:10.1021/ol901331p
日期:2009.8.6
DDQ in the presence of an acid is known to oxidize a variety of aromatic donors to the corresponding cation radicals. Herein, we now demonstrate that the DDQ/H+ system can be effectively utilized for the oxidative C-C bond formations or biaryl synthesis. The efficient preparation of a variety of polyaromatic hydrocarbons including graphitic hexa-peri-hexabenzocoronenes, ease of isolation of the clean products, and ready regeneration of DDQ from easily recovered reduced DDQ-H-2 advances the use of DDQ/H+ for Scholl reactions.