Dendritic MonoPhos: synthesis and application in Rh-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation
摘要:
A new class of dendritic monodentate phosphoramidite ligands were synthesized through substitution of the dimethylamino moiety in MonoPhos by the Frechet-type dendritic wedge and applied in the asymmetric hydrogenation of alpha-dehydroamino acid esters and dimethyl itaconate. High enantioselectivities (up to 97.9% ee) and catalytic activities (up to 4850 h(-1) TOF) were achieved, which are better or comparable to those obtained from MonoPhos. The third generation dendrimer catalyst gave the slightly lower catalytic activity relative to the lower generation ones. The steric shielding by the dendrimer could stabilize the rhodium complex against decomposition caused by hydrolysis in a protic solvent. The inactive catalysts (RhL3 and RhL4) were activated by addition of a free metal precursor Rh(COD)(2)BF4, and showed high enantioselectivities and catalytic activities. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Monofunktionalisierte Dendrons verschiedener Generationen - als Reagenzien zur Einf�hrung dendritischer Reste
摘要:
In recent years dendrimers become more and more important not only in organic chemistry. They represent a new class of molecules with unique characteristic features. But dendrimers represent not only designed molecular architecture. They stand for a new concept in chemistry. They can be used to alter the properties of already existing molecular skeletons or they can be used to transfer new properties to a classical functional unit. This means that functionalized dendrimers and dendrons (dendritic building blocks) can be regarded as reagents for the preparation of new compounds with dendritic properties. In this article the synthesis and the practical use of appropriate dendritic reagents is explained. Furthermore we introduce the new technical terms "{n}dendryl-" for dendritic substituents of n generations and "dendriagent" which stands for dendritic reagents. Moreover we give a short outlook on future developments.
Modular chiral dendrimers with monodentatephosphoramiditeligands located at the core were synthesized and applied in the Rh-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenations, afforded unprecedented enhancement of enantioselectivity.