Development of Potent Inhibitors of Botulinum Neurotoxin Type B
摘要:
Botulinum neurotoxins are the most potent toxins known to date. They are zinc-metalloproteases able to cleave selectively an essential component of neurotransmitter exocytosis, causing the syndrome of botulism characterized by a flaccid paralysis. There is a great interest in designing antagonists of the action of these toxins. One way is to inhibit their catalytic activity. In this study, we report the design of such inhibitors directed toward BoNT/B. A study of the S-1 subsite specificity, using several beta-amino thiols, has shown that this subsite prefers a p-carboxybenzyl moiety. The specificity of the S-1' and S-2' subsites was studied using two libraries of pseudotripeptides containing the S-1 synthon derived from the best beta-amino thiol tested. Finally, a selection of various non natural amino acids for the recognition of the "prime" domain led to the most potent inhibitor of BoNT/B described to date with a K-i value of 20 nM.
Pd-Catalysed oxidative carbonylation of α-amino amides to hydantoins under mild conditions
作者:Aleksandr Voronov、Vinayak Botla、Luca Montanari、Carla Carfagna、Raffaella Mancuso、Bartolo Gabriele、Giovanni Maestri、Elena Motti、Nicola Della Ca
DOI:10.1039/d1cc04154a
日期:——
The first example of palladium-catalysed oxidative carbonylation of unprotected α-amino amides to hydantoins is described here. The selective synthesis of the target compounds was achieved undermildconditions (1 atm of CO), without ligands and bases. The catalytic system overrode the common reaction pathway that usually leads instead to the formation of symmetrical ureas.
Protecting-Group-Free Amidation of Amino Acids using Lewis Acid Catalysts
作者:Marco T. Sabatini、Valerija Karaluka、Rachel M. Lanigan、Lee T. Boulton、Matthew Badland、Tom D. Sheppard
DOI:10.1002/chem.201800372
日期:2018.5.11
Amidation of unprotected aminoacids has been investigated using a variety of ‘classical“ coupling reagents, stoichiometric or catalytic group(IV) metal salts, and boron Lewis acids. The scope of the reaction was explored through the attempted synthesis of amides derived from twenty natural, and several unnatural, aminoacids, as well as a wide selection of primary and secondary amines. The study also