Cis-Double Bond Formation by Thioesterase and Transfer by Ketosynthase in FR901464 Biosynthesis
摘要:
Modular polyketide synthases (PKSs) are well known to use ketosynthase (KS)-driven carbon-carbon bond formation, dehydratase-mediated dehydration to form double bonds, and product release by thioesterase (TE), all of which are regarded as the "canonical" roles for most polyketide biosyntheses. FR901464 is biosynthesized by a complex acyltransferase-less PKS system involving a nonterminal TE domain and several mutated KS domains. Here we demonstrate that this TE catalyzes the dehydration of the polyketide intermediate to yield a cis-double bond and a mutated KS transfers the nascent polyketide chain with only a cis-double bond to the downstream acyl carrier protein. These findings not only provide new insights into different enzymatic functions of PKS domains but also suggest an alternative strategy for cis-double bond formation during the polyketide assembly line.
The intramolecular nitrile oxide cycloaddition reaction on chiral (E) and (Z) olefins featuring a sulphuratom along the carbon chain connecting dipole and dipolarophile occurs with poor to excellent anti stereoselectivity, which is mainly affected by the substitutents at the allylic stereocenter. The possibility of converting the cycloadducts into stereoisomerically pure β-ketols has been established
Chiron approach towards optically pure <b>γ</b>-valerolactone from alanine
作者:Rajender Datrika、Srinivasa Reddy Kallam、Rambabu Katta、Vidavalur Siddaiah、T. V. Pratap
DOI:10.1080/00397911.2018.1491993
日期:2018.11.2
Abstract A concise synthesis of both enantiomers of γ-valerolactone has been developed from commercially available Alanine. The key steps in the synthesis of these γ-Lactones are DIBAL-H reduction of ester (9) followed by in situ Wittig reaction with EtO2CCH = PPh3 ylide (13) (Z/E = 1: 3.5) and one pot lactonization triggered by deprotection of O-TBS ether (14). Graphical Abstract
The diastereoselective approach to enantiomerically pure furyl hydroperoxides of general type 1 has been accomplished starting from (S)-(-)-ethyl lactate. In the first part of the synthesis the alkylating reagents 7a,b were efficiently produced to be used in the second part for a 4-step known methodology to obtain furyl hydroperoxides. The most relevant transformation of the synthesis is the first reported diastereoselective iodoenoletherification of 2-acetyl-4-heptenoate esters 8a,b possessing a phi-chiral center. Furthermore, the final radical oxidation performed on (E)-5-alkylidene-4,5-dihydrofurans 11a,b led to formation of hydroperoxides (S,S)-12a,b in a diastereocontrolled manner due to 1,2-asymmetric induction. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Chemoenzymatic One-Pot Synthesis of γ-Butyrolactones
作者:Margarete Korpak、Jörg Pietruszka
DOI:10.1002/adsc.201100110
日期:2011.6
AbstractThe synthesis of enantio‐ and diastereomerically pure γ‐butyrolactones is described using a one‐pot, two‐enzyme cascade. Ethyl 2‐methyl‐4‐oxopent‐2‐enoate (2) was reduced selectively first in a 1,4‐reduction using the old yellow enzyme (OYE1) [EC 1.6.99.1] and consecutively in a 1,2‐reduction by an alcohol dehydrogenase [EC 1.1.1.2].
Diastereoselective Allylations of Allyl−Propargyl Hybrid Cations: Synthesis of Conjugated 1,5-Dien-7-yne Frameworks Bearing C(4)-Stereogenic Centers
Chiral C(4)-substituted (E)- or (Z)-1-alkynyl-1-trimethylsilyloxy-2-butene systems provide anti-(Z) or syn-(Z) conjugated dienyne, with a very high level of stereocontrol, on treatment with (BF3OEt2)-O-. in CH2Cl2 at -50 degreesC in the presence of allyltrimethylsilane. The Cieplak conformation for (E)-substrates and neighboring-group participation for (2)-substrates are considered to be responsible for the stereochemical consequences.