Copper-catalyzed synthesis of five-membered heterocycles via double C–N bond formation: an efficient synthesis of pyrroles, dihydropyrroles, and carbazoles
作者:Ende Li、Xiaobing Xu、Hongfeng Li、Huimin Zhang、Xiaolei Xu、Xiyuan Yuan、Yanzhong Li
DOI:10.1016/j.tet.2009.08.075
日期:2009.10
An efficient copper-catalyzed double C-N bond forming reaction using diiodides and nitrogen-centered nucleophiles including amides and carbamates is reported. The reactions proceed to afford di- or tri-substituted N-acylpyrroles, dihydropyrroles, and carbazoles in good to excellent yields when different such as 1,4-diiodo-1,3-butadienes, 1,4-dihalobut-1-enes, and 2,2'-diiodobiphenyls were employed, respectively. It is crucial to use CuI as the catalyst with the assistance of proper base and diamine ligand. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.