在交叉偶联反应中活化芳基氯是有机合成中长期存在的挑战,工业界对此非常感兴趣。超小(<3 nm)、原子级精确的纳米团簇(NCs)由于其高表面积和不饱和的活性位点而被认为是最有前途的催化剂之一。在此,我们介绍了一种基于铜纳米团簇的催化剂 [Cu 61 (S t Bu) 26 S 6 Cl 6 H 14 ] (Cu 61 NC),它能够在可见光照射下使芳基氯化物发生 C-N 键形成反应。室内温度。范围为N-杂环亲核试剂和电子和空间上不同的芳基/杂氯化物在这种新的 Cu 61 NC 催化过程中反应,以良好的收率提供 C-N 偶联产物。机理研究表明,光激发的 Cu 61 NC 配合物和芳基卤化物之间的单电子转移 (SET) 过程能够实现 C-N-芳基化反应。
Benzotriazol-1-ylmethanol: An excellent bidentate ligand for the copper/palladium-catalyzed C-N and C-C coupling reaction
作者:Rajeev R. Jha、Jaspal Singh、Rakesh K. Tiwari、Akhilesh K. Verma
DOI:10.3998/ark.5550190.0014.219
日期:——
benzotriazole based N,O bidentate liga nds for the Cu-catalyzed N-arylation of πexcessive nitrogen heterocycles is described. This ligand accomplishes C-Ncoupling of Nheterocycles and C-Ccoupling of boronic acids with a variety of hindered, functionalized aryl/heteroaryl halides under mild reaction conditi ons in good to excellent yields. Using his ligandC-N and C-C (Suzuki) couplings with bromoarenes
描述了一种有效的基于苯并三唑的 N,O 双齿配体,用于铜催化的 π 过量氮杂环的 N-芳基化。该配体在温和的反应条件下以良好至极好的产率完成了杂环的 CN 偶联和硼酸与各种受阻的官能化芳基/杂芳基卤化物的 CC 偶联。使用他的配体 CN 和 CC (Suzuki) 与溴芳烃偶联可以在较少的催化剂负载下进行。一系列失活和受阻的芳基卤化物可以干净地反应,以高产率提供功能化的联芳基衍生物。
Highly Efficient Ligands for the Palladium-Assisted Double<i>N</i>-Arylation of Primary Amines for One-Sep Construction of Carbazoles
作者:Yibo Zhou、John G. Verkade
DOI:10.1002/adsc.200900846
日期:2010.3.8
highly efficient one‐pot synthesis of carbazoles via palladium‐catalyzed double N‐arylation of primary amines with 2,2′‐dihalobiphenyls is described using a catalyst system comprised of tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) (Pd2dba3) and the proazaphosphatrane P(i‐BuNCH2CH2)3N (8) or its derivative (t‐Bu)2PNP(i‐BuNCH2CH2)3N (9a) as the ligand. The process is effective for double N‐arylation of 2
A Tuned Bicyclic Proazaphosphatrane for Catalytically Enhanced<i>N</i>-Arylation Reactions with Aryl Chlorides
作者:So Han Kim、Min Kim、John G. Verkade、Youngjo Kim
DOI:10.1002/ejoc.201403428
日期:2015.3
The N-arylation of various amines with arylchlorides proceeded in good-to-excellent yields in the presence of P[N(p-NMe2)C6H4CH2}CH2CH2]3N (1e, a new electron-rich proazaphosphatrane ligand) and small amounts of Pd2(dba)3 (dba = dibenzylideneacetone). This catalytic system was also very effective for the synthesis of carbazoles.
Photochemical Synthesis of Complex Carbazoles: Evaluation of Electronic Effects in Both UV‐ and Visible‐Light Methods in Continuous Flow
作者:Augusto C. Hernandez‐Perez、Antoine Caron、Shawn K. Collins
DOI:10.1002/chem.201502661
日期:2015.11.9
An evaluation of both a visible‐light‐ and UV‐light‐mediated synthesis of carbazoles from various triarylamines with differing electronic properties under continuous‐flow conditions has been conducted. In general, triarylamines bearing electron‐rich groups tend to produce higher yields than triarylamines possessing electron‐withdrawing groups. The incorporation of nitrogen‐based heterocycles, as well
Cu(<scp>i</scp>)-catalyzed cross-coupling of primary amines with 2,2′-dibromo-1,1′-biphenyl for the synthesis of polysubstituted carbazole
作者:Yan-Ning Niu、Yan Qiao、Ke-Yu Wang、Bai-Xue Sha、Gao-Qiang Li
DOI:10.1039/d2ra03323b
日期:——
A Cu(I)-catalyzed cross-coupling of primary amines with 2,2′-dibromo-1,1′-biphenyl for the synthesis of polysubstituted carbazole has been achieved. This protocol provides an efficient strategy for the synthesis of carbazole using cheap copper catalysts with diamine ligand, and it provides convenient access to a series of carbazole derivatives in moderate yields.