A new series of PHD (HIF prolyl 4-hydroxylase) inhibitors was designed based on the X-ray co-crystal structure of FG-2216. Using a lead generation process, a series of [(4-Hydroxyl-benzo[4,5]thieno[3,2-c]pyridine-3-carbonyl)-amino]-acetic acid derivatives was developed as potent PHD2 inhibitors. This class of compounds also showed the ability to stabilize HIF-alpha, to stimulate EPO secretion in in vitro studies, and to increase hematocrit, red blood cell count, and hemoglobin levels in an animal efficacy study. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
已经制备了一系列的2-芳基硫代甲基丙烯酸酯(2)和2-芳氧基-乙酰乙酸甲酯(3),并且通过1 H NMR光谱检查了它们的互变异构平衡。α位上的S取代导致烯醇互变异构体的增加超过90%,而O类似物主要以酮形式存在(表1)。在苯甲醇(1:1)溶液中对2-芳基硫基化合物2a-1进行耐热玻璃过滤辐照,得到的苯并噻吩衍生物(6a–f,7–10)除2j和2k以外均具有合理的收率,但不会发生光环化,仅观察到聚合物形成。O-类似物3b和3c的类似辐照在这些条件下,分别以相当低的收率得到呋喃衍生物17和18,而在光惰性条件下得到3a。通过仅提供萘[2,1-b]异构体的2-萘基衍生物(2h和3c)的反应揭示了光环化的区域特异性。还讨论了合理的反应机理。