The direct C−H alkynylation of azoles with alkynyl bromides proceeds efficiently in the presence of a nickel-based catalyst system. The reaction enables the introduction of various alkynyl groups bearing aryl, alkenyl, alkyl, and silyl substituents to the azole cores. In some cases, addition of a catalytic amount of CuI is observed to accelerate the direct coupling dramatically.
Palladium-Catalyzed Direct C–H Bond Alkynylations of Heteroarenes Using <i>gem</i>-Dichloroalkenes
作者:Lutz Ackermann、Christoph Kornhaass、Yingjun Zhu
DOI:10.1021/ol300514d
日期:2012.4.6
Palladium-catalyzed direct alkynylations of heteroarenes were accomplished with inexpensive gem-dichloroalkenes as user-friendly electrophiles, which set the stage for a modular, step-economical synthesis of diversely decorated heteroaryl alkynes with ample scope.
Highly Efficient and Versatile Pd-Catalyzed Direct Alkynylation of Both Azoles and Azolines
作者:Seok Hwan Kim、Sukbok Chang
DOI:10.1021/ol100488v
日期:2010.4.16
A highly efficient and versatile Pd-catalyzed directalkynylation reaction of heterocycles with 1-bromoalkynes was developed. The substrate scope of the reaction was very broad to include not only azoles but also azolines for the first time, thus offering an important advance in the direct functionalization of heterocycles.