Ti-TADDOLate-catalyzed, highly enantioselective addition of alkyl- and aryl-titanum derivatives to aldehydes
摘要:
Toluene-ether or toluene-hexane solutions of aryl and alkyl triisopropoxy titanium reagents (free of Li, Mg, or Zn salts) are prepared from the corresponding Li or Grignard reagents and ClTi((OPr)-Pr-i)(3), with careful removal of salts (centrifugation of LiCl or of dioxane.MgX(2), and addition of 12-crown-4). The solutions of the organotitanium compounds are combined with one equiv. of an aldehyde and 0.2 equiv. of (R,R)-diisopropoxy-(alpha,alpha,alpha',alpha'-tetraphenyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-4,5-dimethanolato) titanium (Ti-TADDOLate 3) at dry-ice temperature. Warming up to room temperature leads to nucleophilic addition to the (Si)-face of the aldehydes with enantioselectivities as high as 99.5 : 0.5 (products 4 - 33 in Scheme 4). Functional groups or protecting groups and branching in the Ti-R group and in the aldehyde must be remote from the reacting centers. Aryl groups can be added to aldehydes by this method. - In contrast to all the enantioselective R(2)Zn additions to aldehydes, in which only one R-group is actually transferred, a twice as economic use is made of the originally employed R-metal reagent in the method described here. - A procedure for multigram preparation of the spiro-Ti-TADDOLate (2) employed for the in situ generation of the catalyst (3) is described, and details of the determination of enantiomer ratios (er) by GC and NMR methods are given (Tab. 2, 3). The mechanistic interpretation of Ti-TADDOLate-mediated nucleophilic additions as derived previously (ref.(4e)) is also compatible with this monometallic variant of the method.
Synthesis of Chiral Pyridylphenols for the Enantioselective Addition of Diethylzinc to Aldehydes
作者:Pei-Shan Wu、Chinpiao Chen
DOI:10.1002/jccs.201100474
日期:2012.6
Chiral 8‐substituted 2‐(8,10,10‐trimethyl‐6‐aza‐tricyclo[7.1.1.02,7]undeca‐2(7),3,5‐trien‐5‐yl)‐phenols were prepared from a high enantiopurity (>97% ee) of (1R)‐(+)‐α‐pinene, and assessed in the enantioselectiveaddition of diethylzinc to substituted benzaldehydes, giving the (S)‐alcohols with enantiomeric excess ranging from 33% to 89%. Interestingly, in all cases, except for those of ortho‐chlorobenzaldehyde
Novel C2-symmetric chiral O,N,N,O-tetradentate 2,2-bipyridyldiolpropane ligands: synthesis and application in asymmetric diethylzinc addition to aldehydes
作者:Yi-Shan Shih、Ramalingam Boobalan、Chinpiao Chen、Gene-Hsian Lee
DOI:10.1016/j.tetasy.2013.12.020
日期:2014.2
C2-symmetric chiralO,N,N,O-tetradentate 2,2-bipyridyldiolpropane ligands is described. The Mukaiyama–Michael reaction was applied as an important reaction for the synthesis of 2,2-bipyridylpropane 9. Among the ligands synthesized, ligand 11 exhibits excellent chiral induction (up to 97% ee) in diethylzincaddition to various aldehydes. The use of additional Lewis acid such as Ti(OiPr)4 in diethylzinc addition
描述了C 2对称的手性O,N,N,O-四齿2,2-联吡啶二醇二醇丙烷配体的合成。Mukaiyama–Michael反应被用作合成2,2-联吡啶丙烷9的重要反应。在合成的配体中,配体11在二乙基锌和各种醛类化合物中均表现出出色的手性诱导(至多97%ee)。对于本催化体系,不需要在二乙基锌加成反应中使用额外的路易斯酸,例如Ti(O i Pr)4。