Structure–Permeability Relationship of Semipeptidic Macrocycles—Understanding and Optimizing Passive Permeability and Efflux Ratio
作者:Antoine Le Roux、Émilie Blaise、Pierre-Luc Boudreault、Christian Comeau、Annie Doucet、Marilena Giarrusso、Marie-Pierre Collin、Thomas Neubauer、Florian Kölling、Andreas H. Göller、Lea Seep、Dieudonné T. Tshitenge、Matthias Wittwer、Maximilian Kullmann、Alexander Hillisch、Joachim Mittendorf、Eric Marsault
DOI:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00013
日期:2020.7.9
We herein report the first thorough analysis of the structure-permeability relationship of semipeptidic macrocycles. In total, 47 macrocycles were synthesized using a hybrid solid-phase/solution strategy, and then their passive and cellular permeability was assessed using the parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA) and Caco-2 assay, respectively. The results indicate that semipeptidic macrocycles generally possess high passive permeability based on the PAMPA, yet their cellular permeability is governed by efflux, as reported in the Caco-2 assay. Structural variations led to tractable structure- permeability and structure-efflux relationships, wherein the linker length, stereoinversion, N-methylation, and peptoids site-specifically impact the permeability and efflux. Extensive nuclear magnetic resonance, molecular dynamics, and ensemble-based three-dimensional polar surface area (3D-PSA) studies showed that ensemble-based 3D-PSA is a good predictor of passive permeability.