Synthesis of ethylenediaminctriacetic acid (ED3A) or its salts is disclosed. A salt of N,N'-ethylenediaminediacetic acid (ED2AH₂) is condensed with formaldehyde to form a stable 5-membered ring intermediate. The addition of cyanide across this cyclic material forms ethylenediamine N,N'-diacetic acid-N'-cyanomethyl or salts thereof (mononitrile-diacid). The nitrile in aqueous solutions may be spontaneously cyclized to form 2-oxo-1,4-piperazinediacetic acid (3KP) or salts thereof, which is the desired cyclic intermediate. In the presence of excess base, salts of ED3A are formed desired cyclic intermediate. In the presence of excess base, salts of ED3A are formed in excellent yield and purity. Alternatively, the starting material is ED2AHaXb, where x is a base cation, e.g., an alkali or alkaline earth metal, a is 1 to 2, and b is 0 to 1 in aqueous solutions. The reaction mixture also can be acidified to ensure complete formation of carboxymethyl-2-oxopiperazine (the lactam) prior to the reaction. Formaldehyde is added, essentially resulting in the hydroxymethyl derivative. On the addition of a cyanide source, 1-cyanomethyl-4-carboxymethyl-3-ketopiperazine (mononitrile diacid) or a salt thereof is formed. Upon the addition of any suitable base or acid, this material may be hydrolyzed to 3KP. The addition of a base will open this ring structure to form the salt of ED3A.
本发明公开了
乙二胺三乙酸(ED3A)或其盐的合成方法。N,N'-
乙二胺二
乙酸(ED2AH₂)的盐与
甲醛缩合形成稳定的五元环中间体。在这种环状物质上加入
氰化物会形成
乙二胺 N,N'-二
乙酸-N'-
氰基甲基或其盐类(一腈二酸)。
水溶液中的腈可自发环化形成 2-氧代-1,4-
哌嗪二
乙酸(3KP)或其盐类,这是所需的环状中间体。在过量碱存在的情况下,ED3A 的盐类会形成所需的环状中间体。在过量碱存在的情况下,ED3A 的盐类会以极高的产率和纯度形成。或者,起始原料为 ED2AHaXb,其中 x 是碱阳离子,如碱
金属或碱土
金属,a 为 1 至 2,b 在
水溶液中为 0 至 1。反应混合物也可以酸化,以确保在反应前完全形成羧甲基-2-氧代
哌嗪(内酰胺)。加入
甲醛,基本上会生成羟甲基衍
生物。加入
氰源后,形成 1-
氰甲基-4-羧甲基-3-酮
哌嗪(单腈二酸)或其盐。在加入任何合适的碱或酸后,这种材料可
水解为 3KP。加入碱会打开这个环结构,形成 ED3A 的盐。