Enantiospecific Synthesis of Natural (−)-Cocaine and Unnatural (+)-Cocaine from d- and l-Glutamic Acid
摘要:
Natural (-)-cocaine and unnatural (+)-cocaine have been synthesized enantiospecifically from D- and L-glutamic acid, respectively. The axial-equatorial substitutents were introduced by a stereo- and regiospecific dipolar cycloaddition to the corresponding (LR,5S)- and (1S,5R)-N-BOC-nortropenes with (ethoxycarbonyl)formonitrile N-oxide. A sequence of subsequent stereochemically controlled transformations converted the fused isoxazoline to the requisite P-hydroxy ester. Synthesis of the key intermediate N-BOC-nortropenes involved construction of the 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane framework by Dieckmann condensation of cis-5-substituted D-and L-proline esters. For comparison, (1R,SS)-N-BOC-nortropene also was derived by degradation from natural cocaine. The cis-5-substituted D-and L-proline esters were obtained by sulfide contraction and subsequent catalytic hydrogenation to induce stereospecifically the C-5 stereochemistry from D-and L-thiopyroglutamate, which in turn were prepared from D-and L-glutamic acids, respectively.
Enantiospecific Synthesis of Natural (−)-Cocaine and Unnatural (+)-Cocaine from d- and l-Glutamic Acid
摘要:
Natural (-)-cocaine and unnatural (+)-cocaine have been synthesized enantiospecifically from D- and L-glutamic acid, respectively. The axial-equatorial substitutents were introduced by a stereo- and regiospecific dipolar cycloaddition to the corresponding (LR,5S)- and (1S,5R)-N-BOC-nortropenes with (ethoxycarbonyl)formonitrile N-oxide. A sequence of subsequent stereochemically controlled transformations converted the fused isoxazoline to the requisite P-hydroxy ester. Synthesis of the key intermediate N-BOC-nortropenes involved construction of the 8-azabicyclo[3.2.1]octane framework by Dieckmann condensation of cis-5-substituted D-and L-proline esters. For comparison, (1R,SS)-N-BOC-nortropene also was derived by degradation from natural cocaine. The cis-5-substituted D-and L-proline esters were obtained by sulfide contraction and subsequent catalytic hydrogenation to induce stereospecifically the C-5 stereochemistry from D-and L-thiopyroglutamate, which in turn were prepared from D-and L-glutamic acids, respectively.
Merging Halogen-Atom Transfer (XAT) and Cobalt Catalysis to Override E2-Selectivity in the Elimination of Alkyl Halides: A Mild Route toward <i>contra</i>-Thermodynamic Olefins
作者:Huaibo Zhao、Alastair J. McMillan、Timothée Constantin、Rory C. Mykura、Fabio Juliá、Daniele Leonori
DOI:10.1021/jacs.1c06768
日期:2021.9.15
mechanistically distinct tactic to carry E2-type eliminations on alkyl halides. This strategy exploits the interplay of α-aminoalkyl radical-mediated halogen-atom transfer (XAT) with desaturative cobalt catalysis. The methodology is high-yielding, tolerates many functionalities, and was used to access industrially relevant materials. In contrast to thermal E2eliminations where unsymmetrical substrates give regioisomeric
A Concise Asymmetric Route to the Bridged Bicyclic Tropane Alkaloid Ferruginine Using Enyne Ring-Closing Metathesis
作者:Varinder K. Aggarwal、Christopher J. Astle、Mark Rogers-Evans
DOI:10.1021/ol049665m
日期:2004.4.1
[reaction: see text] Enynemetathesis has been used to prepare bridged azabicycles and applied in a short asymmetric synthesis of the tropane ferruginine. A Grubbs first generation catalyst proved to be superior to the second generation catalyst in the enynemetathesisreaction.