基于油脂化学的长链二酯是潜在的有机相变材料,可方便地进行热能存储。高效和绿色方法的发展是制备这些环境友好化合物的重要要求,这些化合物也正在广泛的工业应用中。因此,在目前的工作中,在无溶剂的介质中通过离子液体催化的可分级化学酯化或酯交换反应合成了一系列二元酸酯。使起始化合物二羧酸或其甲酯与脂肪醇或胆固醇分别按1:2的比例反应,并通过FT-IR,1 H NMR和13 C NMR对合成的酯进行表征。
A toner comprising a toner particle and an external additive on a surface of the toner particle, wherein the toner particle comprises a core particle containing a binder resin and a shell layer on a surface of the core particle, the shell layer comprises a compound containing nitrogen atoms, the external additive comprises an organosilicon polymer particle, and a difference between the work function Wa of the organosilicon polymer particle and the work function Wb of the toner particle satisfies the following formula (A):
0.00 eV<
Wa−Wb
≤0.75 eV (A)