Pairing heterocyclic cations with closo-dodecafluorododecaborate (2−)
作者:John L. Belletire、Stefan Schneider、Scott A. Shackelford、Dmitry V. Peryshkov、Steven H. Strauss
DOI:10.1016/j.jfluchem.2011.07.009
日期:2011.11
Eight binary salts that pair triazolium(1+), imidazolium(1+). pyrimidinium(1+), or purinium(1+) cations with the icosahedral closo-dodecafluorododecaborate(2-) anion (B12F122-) were synthesized using open-air benchtop metathesis reactions in water or acetonitrile. The scale of the reactions varied from just milligrams to nearly one gram of the K2B12F12 starting material. Other reaction conditions, the scope of the reaction, and the solubilities for the new salts are discussed. Five [heterocyclium](2)[B12F12] salts, which were obtained in yields ranging from 84% to 99%, displayed significantly higher densities than the corresponding previously reported analogous [heterocyclium](2)[B12H12] and [heterocyclium][CB11H12] salts. A ninth high-density salt consisted of B12F122- paired with a complex Ag-4(triazole)(8)(4+) cation. The structures of eight of the nine new compounds were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The density of five [heterocyclium](2)[B12F12] salts was found to increase approximately linearly as the distance between the five-membered-ring heterocyclium(1+) cation centroids decreased. This work demonstrates additional flexibility for the rational design of ionic structures with predictable properties, which will ultimately permit the tailoring of ingredient-response behavior. Published by Elsevier B.V.
Kost; Genz, Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii, 1958, vol. 28, p. 2773,2776; engl. Ausg. S. 2796, 2799
作者:Yanqiang Zhang、Damon A. Parrish、Jean'ne M. Shreeve
DOI:10.1002/chem.201102773
日期:2012.1.16
Abstract4‐Nitramino‐3,5‐dinitropyrazole was prepared and stabilized through the formation of its ammonium salt. With selected cations, 14 nitrogen‐rich energetic salts were synthesized in high yield by metathesis reactions. These salts were fully characterized by 1H, 13C NMR, and IR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. Additionally, the structures of the ammonium, 3,4,5‐triaminotriazolium, and biguanidinium salts were confirmed by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. Based on experimental and calculated values, the 4‐nitramino‐3,5‐dinitropyrazolate salts show properties, such as decomposition temperatures (115–229 °C), detonation pressures (23.27–37.42 GPa) and velocities (7713–9013 ms−1), and impact sensitivities (5–40 J) that place them with energetics such as RDX and TATB.
AFRIDI A. S.; KATRITZKY A. R.; RAMSDEN C. A., J. CHEM. SOC. PERKIN TRANS., PART 1, NO 12, 1436-1445